Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4 Canada.
Sci Rep. 2016 Nov 2;6:34093. doi: 10.1038/srep34093.
Curcuma longa has well-known insecticidal and repellent effects on insect pests, but its impact on Trichoplusia ni is unknown. In this study, the compound ar-turmerone, extracted and purified from C. longa rhizomes, was identified, and its insecticidal effects, along with turmeric powder, curcuminoid pigments and crude essential oil were evaluated against this important agricultural pest. The role of natural (sesamol and piperonal) and synthetic [piperonyl butoxide (PBO)] synergists under laboratory and greenhouse conditions were also evaluated. The concentration of ar-turmerone in C. longa rhizomes harvested was 0.32% (dwt). Turmeric powder and its derivatives caused 10-20% mortality in third instar T. ni at a very low dose (10 μg/larva). Addition of PBO increased toxicity of turmeric powder and its derivatives (90-97% mortality) in most binary combinations (5 μg of turmeric powder or its derivatives +5 μg of PBO), but neither piperonal nor sesamol were active as synergists. The compound ar-turmerone alone and the combination with PBO reduced larval weight on treated Brassica oleracea in the laboratory and in greenhouse experiments, compared with the negative control. The compound ar-turmerone could be used as a low cost botanical insecticide for integrated management of cabbage looper in vegetable production.
姜黄对害虫具有众所周知的杀虫和驱避作用，但它对斜纹夜蛾的影响尚不清楚。本研究从姜黄根茎中提取和纯化了化合物莪术酮，并评估了其对这种重要农业害虫的杀虫效果，同时还评估了姜黄粉、姜黄素颜料和粗提精油的杀虫效果。还在实验室和温室条件下评估了天然（芝麻酚和胡椒醛）和合成（增效醚[PBO]）增效剂的作用。收获的姜黄根茎中莪术酮的浓度为 0.32%（重量比）。姜黄粉及其衍生物在很低的剂量（10μg/幼虫）下就能导致三龄斜纹夜蛾幼虫 10-20%的死亡率。增效醚的添加增加了姜黄粉及其衍生物（90-97%的死亡率）在大多数二元组合中的毒性（5μg 姜黄粉或其衍生物+5μg 增效醚），但胡椒醛和芝麻酚都不是有效的增效剂。单独的莪术酮化合物和与增效醚的组合在实验室和温室实验中均降低了处理过的甘蓝上幼虫的体重，与阴性对照相比。莪术酮化合物可以用作低成本的植物性杀虫剂，用于蔬菜生产中斜纹夜蛾的综合治理。
