Liu H, Yang L, Yu F F, Wang S, Wu C, Qu C, Lammi M J, Guo X
School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission of PR China, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China.
Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2017 May;25(5):616-624. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.11.015. Epub 2016 Dec 3.
The development of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology has opened up new horizons for development of new research tools especially for skeletal dysplasias, which often lack human disease models. Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering could be the next areas to benefit from refinement of iPSC methods to repair focal cartilage defects, while applications for osteoarthritis (OA) and drug screening have evolved rather slowly. Although the advances in iPSC research of skeletal dysplasias and repair of focal cartilage lesions are not directly relevant to OA, they can be considered to pave the way to future prospects and solutions to OA research, too. The same problems which face the present cell-based treatments of cartilage injuries concern also the iPSC-based ones. However, established iPSC lines, which have no genomic aberrations and which efficiently differentiate into extracellular matrix secreting chondrocytes, could be an invaluable cell source for cell transplantations in the future. The safety issues concerning the recipient risks of teratoma formation and immune response still have to be solved before the potential use of iPSCs in cartilage repair of focal cartilage defects and OA.
诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）技术的发展为新研究工具的开发开辟了新视野，特别是对于通常缺乏人类疾病模型的骨骼发育不良而言。再生医学和组织工程可能是下一个受益于iPSC方法改进以修复局灶性软骨缺损的领域，而骨关节炎（OA）和药物筛选方面的应用进展则较为缓慢。尽管骨骼发育不良的iPSC研究进展以及局灶性软骨损伤修复与OA并无直接关联，但它们也可被视为为OA研究的未来前景和解决方案铺平了道路。目前基于细胞的软骨损伤治疗所面临的同样问题也困扰着基于iPSC的治疗。然而，没有基因组畸变且能有效分化为分泌细胞外基质的软骨细胞的成熟iPSC系，可能会成为未来细胞移植中非常宝贵的细胞来源。在将iPSC潜在用于局灶性软骨缺损和OA的软骨修复之前，仍必须解决与受体形成畸胎瘤风险和免疫反应相关的安全问题。
