De Cauwer Harald, Somville Francis, Sabbe Marc, Mortelmans Luc J
1Department of Neurology,Dimpna Regional Hospital,Geel,Belgium.
2Department of Emergency Medicine and Traumatology,Dimpna Regional Hospital,Geel,Belgium.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017 Feb;32(1):94-100. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X16001217. Epub 2016 Dec 8.
In recent years, the world has been rocked repeatedly by terrorist attacks. Arguably, the most remarkable were: the series of four coordinated suicide plane attacks on September 11, 2001 on buildings in New York, Virginia, and Pennsylvania, USA; and the recent series of two coordinated attacks in Brussels (Belgium), on March 22, 2016, involving two bombings at the departure hall of Brussels International Airport and a bombing at Maalbeek Metro Station located near the European Commission headquarters in the center of Brussels. This statement paper deals with different aspects of hospital policy and disaster response planning that interface with terrorism. Research shows that the availability of necessary equipment and facilities (eg, personal protective clothing, decontamination rooms, antidotes, and anti-viral drugs) in hospitals clearly is insufficient. Emergency teams are insufficiently prepared: adequate and repetitive training remain necessary. Unfortunately, there are many examples of health care workers and physicians or hospitals being targeted in both political or religious conflicts and wars. Many health workers were kidnapped and/or killed by insurgents of various ideology. Attacks on hospitals also could cause long-term effects: hospital units could be unavailable for a long time and replacing staff could take several months, further compounding hospital operations. Both physical and psychological (eg, posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) after-effects of a terrorist attack can be detrimental to health care services. On the other hand, physicians and other hospital employees have shown to be involved in terrorism. As data show that some offenders had a previous history with the location of the terror incident, the possibility of hospitals or other health care services being targeted by insiders is discussed. The purpose of this report was to consider how past terrorist incidents can inform current hospital preparedness and disaster response planning. De Cauwer H , Somville F , Sabbe M , Mortelmans LJ . Hospitals: soft target for terrorism? Prehosp Disaster Med. 2017;32(1):94-100.
近年来，恐怖袭击事件屡屡震撼世界。可以说，最引人注目的是：2001年9月11日在美国纽约、弗吉尼亚和宾夕法尼亚州针对建筑物的一系列四起协同自杀式飞机袭击；以及2016年3月22日在比利时布鲁塞尔发生的一系列两起协同袭击，包括布鲁塞尔国际机场出发大厅的两起爆炸以及位于布鲁塞尔市中心欧盟委员会总部附近的马尔贝克地铁站的一起爆炸。本声明文件探讨了医院政策和与恐怖主义相关的灾难应对规划的不同方面。研究表明，医院中必要设备和设施（如个人防护服装、去污室、解毒剂和抗病毒药物）的供应明显不足。应急小组准备不足：充分且反复的培训仍然必要。不幸的是，在政治或宗教冲突以及战争中，医护人员、医生或医院成为攻击目标的例子屡见不鲜。许多医护人员被各种意识形态的叛乱分子绑架和/或杀害。对医院的袭击还可能产生长期影响：医院科室可能长期无法使用，人员补充可能需要数月时间，这进一步加剧了医院的运营困难。恐怖袭击的身体和心理后遗症（如创伤后应激障碍[PTSD]）都可能对医疗服务造成损害。另一方面，有数据显示医生和其他医院员工也参与了恐怖主义活动。由于数据表明一些犯罪者与恐怖事件发生地点有过往关联，因此探讨了医院或其他医疗服务被内部人员攻击的可能性。本报告的目的是思考过去的恐怖事件如何为当前医院的准备工作和灾难应对规划提供参考。德考韦尔H、索姆维尔F、萨贝M、莫特尔曼斯LJ。医院：恐怖主义的软目标？院前灾难医学。2017；32(1):94 - 100。
