Yuan Jun, Zhao Mengli, Li Rong, Huang Qiwei, Rensing Christopher, Raza Waseem, Shen Qirong
Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Organic Solid Waste Utilization and Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Organic Solid Waste Utilization - College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, China.
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China; J. Craig Venter InstituteLa Jolla, CA, USA.
Front Microbiol. 2016 Nov 29;7:1904. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01904. eCollection 2016.
Macrolactin produced by many soil microbes has been shown to be an efficient antibacterial agent against many bacterial pathogens. However, studies examining the effect of macrolactin on both the soil bacterial community and the intrinsic bacterial species that harbor genes responsible for the production of this antibiotic have not been conducted so far. In this study, a mixture of macrolactin was isolated from the liquid culture of NJN-6, and applied to the soil once a week for four weeks. 16S rRNA Illumina MiSeq sequencing showed that continuous application of macrolactin reduced the α-diversity of the soil bacterial community and thereby changed the relative abundance of microbes at both the phylum and genus level. The relative abundance of and was significantly increased along with a significant decrease in the relative abundance of . However, the application of macrolactins had an insignificant effect on the total numbers of bacteria. Further, the native gene responsible for the production of macrolactin, the gene encoding polyketide synthase was reduced in copy number after the application of macrolactin. The results of this study suggested that a bactericide from a microbial source could decrease the diversity of the soil bacterial community and change the bacterial community structure. Moreover, the populations of the intrinsic bacterial species which harbor genes responsible for macrolactin production were inhibited when the external source antibiotic was applied.
许多土壤微生物产生的大环内酯菌素已被证明是一种针对多种细菌病原体的高效抗菌剂。然而，迄今为止尚未开展有关大环内酯菌素对土壤细菌群落以及携带负责该抗生素生产基因的固有细菌物种影响的研究。在本研究中，从NJN-6的液体培养物中分离出大环内酯菌素混合物，并每周向土壤中施用一次，持续四周。16S rRNA Illumina MiSeq测序表明，持续施用大环内酯菌素会降低土壤细菌群落的α多样性，从而改变门和属水平上微生物的相对丰度。[此处原文缺失两个具体微生物名称]的相对丰度显著增加，同时[此处原文缺失一个具体微生物名称]的相对丰度显著下降。然而，大环内酯菌素的施用对细菌总数的影响不显著。此外，施用大环内酯菌素后，负责大环内酯菌素生产的天然基因（编码聚酮合酶的基因）的拷贝数减少。本研究结果表明，一种来自微生物源的杀菌剂可能会降低土壤细菌群落的多样性并改变细菌群落结构。此外，当施用外源抗生素时，携带负责大环内酯菌素生产基因的固有细菌物种的数量会受到抑制。
