Feinstein Anthony, Feinstein Saul, Behari Maziar, Pavisian Bennis
University of Toronto and Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada.
Bloomberg School of Public Health, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218, USA.
JRSM Open. 2016 Dec 1;7(12):2054270416675560. doi: 10.1177/2054270416675560. eCollection 2016 Dec.
Iran ranks 173 out of 180 countries on an index of press freedom. The purpose of the study was to assess the psychological wellbeing of Iranian journalists and document the stressors encountered in their work.
A secure website was established and participants were given their unique identifying number and password to access the site.
Newsrooms in Iran and the diaspora.
Responses were received from 114 journalists (76%) of whom 65.8% were living in the diaspora. The mean age was 37.8 years (SD = 7.30) and 57% male.
Type of stressor and behavioural data: Impact of Event Scale-revised for posttraumatic stress disorder, Beck Depression Inventory-II for depression.
Stressors include arrest (41.2%), torture (19.3%), assault (10.5%), intimidation (51.4%) and family threatened (43.1%). Eighty nine (78.1%) journalists had stopped working on a story because of intimidation. Arrest, torture, intimidation and family threatened were associated with more intrusive and arousal PTSD symptoms (p < .01 to .001) and assault and intimidation with more depressive symptoms (p < .05). Almost a third of Iranian journalists regularly used barbiturates, with use correlating with symptoms of intrusion (p < .0001), avoidance (p < .01), arousal (p < .0001) and depression (p < .0001). 46.5% of Iranian journalists were not receiving therapy for their distress.
The findings, the first of their kind, provide data highlighting the extraordinary degree of danger confronted by Iranian journalists, their emotional distress in response to this and their proclivity to self-medicate with barbiturates.
在新闻自由指数方面，伊朗在180个国家中排名第173位。本研究旨在评估伊朗记者的心理健康状况，并记录他们在工作中遇到的压力源。
建立了一个安全的网站，并为参与者提供了他们的唯一识别号码和密码以访问该网站。
伊朗及侨民中的新闻编辑室。
共收到114名记者（76%）的回复，其中65.8%生活在侨民群体中。平均年龄为37.8岁（标准差=7.30），男性占57%。
压力源类型和行为数据：用于创伤后应激障碍的事件影响量表修订版、用于抑郁症的贝克抑郁量表第二版。
压力源包括被捕（41.2%）、遭受酷刑（19.3%）、袭击（10.5%）、恐吓（51.4%）和家人受到威胁（43.1%）。89名（78.1%）记者因恐吓而停止报道某个新闻。被捕、遭受酷刑、恐吓和家人受到威胁与更多的侵入性和觉醒性创伤后应激障碍症状相关（p<0.01至0.001），袭击和恐吓与更多的抑郁症状相关（p<0.05）。近三分之一的伊朗记者经常使用巴比妥酸盐，其使用与侵入症状（p<0.0001）、回避症状（p<0.01）、觉醒症状（p<0.0001）和抑郁症状（p<0.0001）相关。46.5%的伊朗记者因痛苦未接受治疗。
这些首次得出的研究结果提供的数据突出表明，伊朗记者面临着极高程度的危险，他们对此产生的情绪困扰，以及他们倾向于使用巴比妥酸盐进行自我治疗。
