Department of Psychology, School of Medical Humanitarians, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Sci Rep. 2016 Dec 15;6:39233. doi: 10.1038/srep39233.
As a non-substance addiction, gambling disorder represents the model for studying the neurobiology of addiction without toxic consequences of chronic drug use. From a neuropsychological perspective, impulsivity is deemed as a potential construct responsible in the onset and development of drug addiction. The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between impulsivity and gambling status in young adults with varying severity of gambling. A sample of 1120 college students, equally divided into non-problem, at-risk and problem gamblers, were administered multiple measures of impulsivity including the UPPSP Impulsive Behaviors Scale (UPPSP), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), and the Delay-discounting Test (DDT). Compared with non-problem gamblers, both at-risk gamblers and problem gamblers displayed elevated scores on Negative Urgency, Positive Urgency, Motor Impulsiveness, and Attentional Impulsiveness. Problem gamblers showed higher scores than at-risk gamblers on Positive Urgency. Logistic regression models revealed that only Negative Urgency positively predicted both at-risk gambling and problem gambling compared to non-problem gambling. These results suggest that dimensions of impulsivity may be differentially linked to gambling behavior in young adults, with Negative Urgency putatively identified as an important impulsivity-related marker for the development of gambling disorder, which may provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis.
作为一种非物质成瘾，赌博障碍代表了研究成瘾神经生物学的模型，而没有慢性药物使用的毒性后果。从神经心理学的角度来看，冲动被认为是导致药物成瘾发生和发展的潜在结构。本研究的目的是调查冲动性与不同严重程度赌博的年轻成年人赌博状况之间的关联。我们对 1120 名大学生进行了抽样调查，这些学生被分为非问题、有风险和问题赌徒，他们接受了多种冲动性测量，包括 UPPSP 冲动行为量表（UPPSP）、巴瑞特冲动量表-11（BIS-11）和延迟折扣测试（DDT）。与非问题赌徒相比，有风险赌徒和问题赌徒的负性冲动、正性冲动、运动冲动和注意冲动得分都较高。问题赌徒的正性冲动得分高于有风险赌徒。逻辑回归模型显示，只有负性冲动与有风险赌博和问题赌博显著正相关，而与非问题赌博无关。这些结果表明，冲动的维度可能与年轻人的赌博行为存在差异联系，负性冲动可能被确定为赌博障碍发展的一个重要冲动相关标志物，这可能有助于更好地理解发病机制。
