Tesch-Römer Clemens, Wahl Hans-Werner
German Centre of Gerontology, Berlin, Germany.
Department for Psychological Ageing Research, Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Germany.
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2017 Mar 1;72(2):310-318. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbw162.
Rowe and Kahn's model of Successful Aging 2.0 argues that changing environmental settings, societal policies, and individual life styles will lead to a significant extension of healthy life years. Recent epidemiological research, however, confirms the dilemma that the ongoing extension of life expectancy prolongs not only the years in good health but also those in poor health. We see it as a major limitation that Rowe and Kahn's model is not able to cover the emerging linkage between increasing life expectation and aging with disability and care needs. Therefore, we suggest a set of propositions towards a more comprehensive model of successful aging which captures desirable living situations including for those who grow old with disabilities and care needs. We describe individual, environmental, and care related strategies and resources for autonomy and quality of life when facing disabilities and care needs in late life, putting emphasis on inter-individual differences and social inequality. We argue that expanding the traditional concept of successful aging to aging with disabilities and care needs serves not to undermine, but rather to anchor the concept in aging science and in public perception.
罗和卡恩的成功老龄化2.0模型认为，改变环境、社会政策和个人生活方式将显著延长健康寿命。然而，最近的流行病学研究证实了这样一个困境：预期寿命的持续延长不仅延长了健康的岁月，也延长了不健康的岁月。我们认为罗和卡恩的模型无法涵盖预期寿命增加与残疾及护理需求老龄化之间新出现的联系，这是一个主要局限。因此，我们提出了一系列命题，以构建一个更全面的成功老龄化模型，该模型涵盖了理想的生活状况，包括那些有残疾和护理需求的老年人。我们描述了在晚年面对残疾和护理需求时，实现自主和生活质量的个人、环境及护理相关策略和资源，强调个体差异和社会不平等。我们认为，将成功老龄化的传统概念扩展到有残疾和护理需求的老龄化，并非是要削弱这一概念，而是要将其稳固地扎根于老龄化科学和公众认知之中。
