Garman Elspeth F, Weik Martin
Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
Institut de Biologie Structurale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, F-38044 Grenoble, France.
J Synchrotron Radiat. 2017 Jan 1;24(Pt 1):1-6. doi: 10.1107/S160057751602018X.
Despite significant progress made over more than 15 years of research, structural biologists are still grappling with the issue of radiation damage suffered by macromolecular crystals which is induced by the resultant radiation chemistry occurring during X-ray diffraction experiments. Further insights into these effects and the possible mitigation strategies for use in both diffraction and SAXS experiments are given in eight papers in this volume. In particular, damage during experimental phasing is addressed, scavengers for SAXS experiments are investigated, microcrystals are imaged, data collection strategies are optimized, specific damage to tyrosine residues is reexamined, and room temperature conformational heterogeneity as a function of dose is explored. The brief summary below puts these papers into perspective relative to other ongoing radiation damage research on macromolecules.
尽管在超过15年的研究中取得了显著进展，但结构生物学家仍在努力解决大分子晶体在X射线衍射实验过程中因产生的辐射化学作用而遭受的辐射损伤问题。本卷中的八篇论文对这些效应以及在衍射和小角X射线散射（SAXS）实验中可能的缓解策略提供了进一步的见解。特别讨论了实验相位确定过程中的损伤，研究了SAXS实验中的清除剂，对微晶进行了成像，优化了数据收集策略，重新审视了酪氨酸残基的特定损伤，并探讨了室温下构象异质性与剂量的关系。以下简要总结将这些论文与其他正在进行的关于大分子辐射损伤的研究联系起来。
