Zatonski Mateusz, Hawkins Benjamin, McKee Martin
Health Promotion Foundation, Warsaw, Poland.
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, UK.
Health Promot Int. 2018 Jun 1;33(3):515-524. doi: 10.1093/heapro/daw093.
Industry lobbying remains an obstacle to effective health-oriented alcohol policy. In 2013, an increase in excise tax on spirits was announced by the Polish government. This article presents a qualitative analysis of the public debate that ensued on the potential economic, health and social effects of the policy. It focuses on how competing groups, including industry actors, framed their position and sought to dominate the debate. Online archives of five Polish national newspapers, two spirits trade associations, and parliamentary and ministerial archives were searched. A thematic content analysis of the identified sources was conducted. The overall findings were compared with existing research on the framing of the Minimum Unit Pricing (MUP) debate in the UK. A total of 155 sources were analysed. Two main frames were identified: health, and economic. The spirits industry successfully promoted the economic frame in their own publications and in the media. The debate was dominated by arguments about potential growth of the grey market and losses in tax revenue that might result from the excise tax increase. The framing of the debate in Poland differed from the framing of the MUP debate in the United Kingdom. The Polish public health community was unsuccessful in making health considerations a significant element of the alcohol policy debate. The strategies pursued by UK health advocates offer lessons for how to make a more substantial impact on media coverage and promote health-oriented legislation.
行业游说仍然是有效实施以健康为导向的酒精政策的障碍。2013年，波兰政府宣布提高烈酒消费税。本文对随后展开的关于该政策潜在经济、健康和社会影响的公开辩论进行了定性分析。它聚焦于包括行业参与者在内的竞争群体如何阐述自身立场并试图主导辩论。研究检索了五家波兰全国性报纸的在线档案、两个烈酒贸易协会以及议会和部长级档案。对所确定的资料来源进行了主题内容分析。将总体研究结果与英国关于最低单位定价（MUP）辩论框架的现有研究进行了比较。总共分析了155个资料来源。确定了两个主要框架：健康和经济。烈酒行业在其自身出版物和媒体上成功地推动了经济框架。辩论主要围绕灰色市场的潜在增长以及消费税增加可能导致的税收损失展开。波兰的辩论框架与英国的最低单位定价辩论框架不同。波兰公共卫生界未能使健康考量成为酒精政策辩论的重要元素。英国健康倡导者所采用的策略为如何对媒体报道产生更大影响以及推动以健康为导向的立法提供了经验教训。
