Loturco Irineu, Pereira Lucas A, Zanetti Vinicius, Kitamura Katia, Abad César C Cal, Kobal Ronaldo, Nakamura Fabio Y
NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Mechatronics Engineering, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
NAR - Nucleus of High Performance in Sport, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
J Hum Kinet. 2016 Dec 15;54:153-162. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2016-0044. eCollection 2016 Dec 1.
This study compared the values of bar-peak force (PF) and power (PP), body-peak force (PF) and power (PPBody) and bar-mean propulsive power (MPP) in different jump-squat (JS) conditions: unloaded condition (UC); bar-loaded condition (BLC) and optimum bar-MPP condition (OBC). Twenty-five soccer players performed the JS using a bar with negligible mass (UC), using the Smith-machine bar (BLC) and using the load capable of maximizing the bar-MPP (OBC). The PF was significantly higher in the UC (2847.9 ± 489.1 N) than in the OBC (2655.4 ± 444.3 N). The UC presented greater PPBody (3775.9 ± 631.5 W) than the BLC (3359.7 ± 664.3 W) and OBC (3357.8 ± 625.3 W). The OBC presented higher values of PF, PP and MPP (676.2 ± 109.4 W) than the BLC (MPP = 425.8 ± 53.7 W) (all p < 0.05). In the OBC (compared to the UC), the body peak-power presented a reduction of ≈ 11%, while generating bar-power output from ≈ 59 to 73% higher than the BLC. While the fact that the body-peak power is maximized in the UC denotes a mechanical phenomenon, the bar-optimum load represents an intensity at which both components of the power equation (force and velocity) are optimized. This has important implications for sports training.
本研究比较了不同深蹲跳（JS）条件下的杠铃峰值力（PF）和功率（PP）、身体峰值力（PF）和功率（PPBody）以及杠铃平均推进功率（MPP）：无负荷条件（UC）；杠铃加载条件（BLC）和最佳杠铃MPP条件（OBC）。25名足球运动员分别在以下三种情况下进行深蹲跳：使用质量可忽略不计的杠铃（UC）、使用史密斯机杠铃（BLC）以及使用能使杠铃MPP最大化的负荷（OBC）。UC组的PF显著高于OBC组（分别为2847.9±489.1 N和2655.4±444.3 N）。UC组的PPBody大于BLC组（分别为3775.9±631.5 W和3359.7±664.3 W）以及OBC组（分别为3357.8±625.3 W）。OBC组的PF、PP和MPP值高于BLC组（MPP分别为676.2±109.4 W和425.8±53.7 W）（所有p<0.05）。在OBC组（与UC组相比），身体峰值功率降低了约11%，而杠铃功率输出比BLC组高约59%至73%。虽然在UC组身体峰值功率达到最大化这一事实表明了一种力学现象，但杠铃最佳负荷代表了功率方程的两个组成部分（力和速度）都得到优化的强度。这对运动训练具有重要意义。
