Madden D J, Blumenthal J A, Allen P A, Emery C F
Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, Duke University Medical Center.
Psychol Aging. 1989 Sep;4(3):307-20. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.4.3.307.
The effects of aerobic exercise training in a sample of 85 older adults were investigated. Ss were assigned randomly to either an aerobic exercise group, a nonaerobic exercise (yoga) group, or a waiting-list control group. Following 16 weeks of the group-specific protocol, all of the older Ss received 16 weeks of aerobic exercise training. The older adults demonstrated a significant increase in aerobic capacity (cardiorespiratory fitness). Performance on reaction-time tests of attention and memory retrieval was slower for the older adults than for a comparison group of 24 young adults, and there was no improvement in the older adults' performance on these tests as a function of aerobic exercise training. Results suggest that exercise-related changes in older adults' cognitive performance are due either to extended periods of training or to cohort differences between physically active and sedentary individuals.
对85名老年人样本进行了有氧运动训练效果的调查。受试者被随机分为有氧运动组、非有氧运动（瑜伽）组或等待名单对照组。在进行16周的特定组方案后，所有老年受试者都接受了16周的有氧运动训练。老年人的有氧能力（心肺适能）显著提高。与24名年轻成年人组成的对照组相比，老年人在注意力和记忆检索反应时间测试中的表现较慢，并且有氧运动训练并未改善老年人在这些测试中的表现。结果表明，老年人认知表现中与运动相关的变化要么是由于训练时间延长，要么是由于体力活动者和久坐者之间的队列差异。
