基于结构的红色荧光蛋白理性设计：走向设计基因编码荧光蛋白。
Structure-guided rational design of red fluorescent proteins: towards designer genetically-encoded fluorophores.
机构信息
Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
出版信息
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2017 Aug;45:91-99. doi: 10.1016/j.sbi.2016.12.001. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
Red fluorescent proteins (RFPs) have become an integral part of modern biological research due to their longer excitation and emission wavelengths. Protein engineering efforts have improved many key properties of RFPs for their practical use in imaging. Even so, continued engineering is required to overcome the shortcomings of the red chromophore and create RFPs with photophysical properties rivalling those of their optimized green and yellow counterparts. Here, we highlight recent examples of structure-guided rational design of RFPs to improve brightness, monomerization, maturation, and photostability, and discuss possible pathways for the future engineering of designer RFPs tailored to specific applications.
红色荧光蛋白（RFPs）由于其较长的激发和发射波长，已成为现代生物学研究不可或缺的一部分。为了在成像中实际应用，蛋白工程努力改进了 RFPs 的许多关键性质。即便如此，为了克服红色生色团的缺点并创造出在光物理性质上可与优化的绿色和黄色同类物相媲美的 RFPs，仍需要继续进行工程设计。在这里，我们重点介绍了最近一些基于结构的理性设计 RFPs 的例子，这些设计旨在提高其亮度、单体化、成熟度和光稳定性，并讨论了未来针对特定应用定制设计 RFPs 的可能途径。
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