Center for Modeling, Simulation and Imaging in Medicine (CeMSIM), Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
Department of Surgery, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Surg Endosc. 2017 Sep;31(9):3527-3533. doi: 10.1007/s00464-016-5379-7. Epub 2016 Dec 30.
The Virtual Electrosurgical Skill Trainer is a tool for training surgeons the safe operation of electrosurgery tools in both open and minimally invasive surgery. This training includes a dedicated team-training module that focuses on operating room (OR) fire prevention and response. The module was developed to allow trainees, practicing surgeons, anesthesiologist, and nurses to interact with a virtual OR environment, which includes anesthesia apparatus, electrosurgical equipment, a virtual patient, and a fire extinguisher. Wearing a head-mounted display, participants must correctly identify the "fire triangle" elements and then successfully contain an OR fire. Within these virtual reality scenarios, trainees learn to react appropriately to the simulated emergency. A study targeted at establishing the face validity of the virtual OR fire simulator was undertaken at the 2015 Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons conference.
Forty-nine subjects with varying experience participated in this Institutional Review Board-approved study. The subjects were asked to complete the OR fire training/prevention sequence in the VEST simulator. Subjects were then asked to answer a subjective preference questionnaire consisting of sixteen questions, focused on the usefulness and fidelity of the simulator.
On a 5-point scale, 12 of 13 questions were rated at a mean of 3 or greater (92%). Five questions were rated above 4 (38%), particularly those focusing on the simulator effectiveness and its usefulness in OR fire safety training. A total of 33 of the 49 participants (67%) chose the virtual OR fire trainer over the traditional training methods such as a textbook or an animal model.
Training for OR fire emergencies in fully immersive VR environments, such as the VEST trainer, may be the ideal training modality. The face validity of the OR fire training module of the VEST simulator was successfully established on many aspects of the simulation.
虚拟电外科技能训练器是一种用于培训外科医生在开放和微创手术中安全操作电外科器械的工具。该培训包括一个专门的团队培训模块，重点是手术室（OR）火灾预防和应对。该模块旨在允许受训者、执业外科医生、麻醉师和护士与虚拟 OR 环境进行交互，其中包括麻醉设备、电外科设备、虚拟患者和灭火器。参与者佩戴头戴式显示器，必须正确识别“火灾三角”元素，然后成功扑灭 OR 火灾。在这些虚拟现实场景中，受训者学会对模拟紧急情况做出适当反应。一项旨在确定虚拟 OR 火灾模拟器表面有效性的研究在美国胃肠内镜外科医师学会 2015 年会议上进行。
49 名具有不同经验的受试者参加了这项经机构审查委员会批准的研究。要求受试者在 VEST 模拟器中完成 OR 火灾培训/预防序列。然后，要求受试者回答一份由 16 个问题组成的主观偏好问卷，重点关注模拟器的有用性和逼真度。
在 5 分制中，有 12 个问题（占 13 个问题的 12/13）的评分平均值为 3 或更高（92%）。有 5 个问题的评分高于 4（38%），特别是那些关注模拟器效果及其在 OR 火灾安全培训中的有用性的问题。在 49 名参与者中，共有 33 名（67%）选择了虚拟 OR 火灾训练器，而不是传统的培训方法，如教科书或动物模型。
在完全沉浸式 VR 环境中进行 OR 火灾紧急情况培训，例如 VEST 训练器，可能是理想的培训方式。VEST 模拟器的 OR 火灾培训模块在模拟的许多方面都成功确立了表面有效性。
