Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612. United States.
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611. United States.
Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2017;15(4):291-295. doi: 10.2174/1570161115666170105095834.
Gut microbiota is increasingly recognized as a powerful regulator of host physiology. Most of its effects are mediated through metabolites acting as energy sources, signaling receptor ligands and substrates for host enzymes. Owing to the meta-stability and high amenability of the gut microbiota to modification by diet and environment predicting specific gut microbes or its metabolites responsible for different host metabolic states is often confounded.
The Pubmed was searched for research articles on gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease.
The searched articles reported a direct role of gut microbes in cardiovascular disorders (CVD). The interaction among gut microbial metabolism (through breakdown of certain dietary nutrients like choline), host immune system and lipid metabolism generate conditions that promote atherosclerosis development. Importantly, components of this interactive system can be explored to identify points of intervention in the path of disease development. Based on this strategies targeting gut microbial composition and activity are being explored as therapies against CVD. Use of archaebiotics and 3,3-dimethyl- 1-butanol aiming to reduce TMA (trimethylamine) conversion to TMAO (trimethylamine-N-oxide) and high fibre diets to reduce TMA precursors while simultaneously selecting for beneficial gut bacteria are attractive anti-atherogenic approaches.
Success of these approaches in humans however, requires extensive research.
肠道微生物群越来越被认为是宿主生理学的强大调节剂。其大多数作用是通过代谢物作为能量来源、信号受体配体和宿主酶的底物来介导的。由于肠道微生物群的meta 稳定性和高度可修饰性，受饮食和环境的影响，预测负责不同宿主代谢状态的特定肠道微生物或其代谢物往往会受到干扰。
在 PubMed 上搜索关于肠道微生物群和心血管疾病的研究文章。
搜索到的文章报告了肠道微生物在心血管疾病（CVD）中的直接作用。肠道微生物代谢（通过分解某些膳食营养素，如胆碱）、宿主免疫系统和脂质代谢之间的相互作用产生了促进动脉粥样硬化发展的条件。重要的是，这个相互作用系统的组成部分可以被探索，以确定在疾病发展过程中干预的切入点。基于这一策略，靶向肠道微生物组成和活性的治疗方法正被探索用于对抗 CVD。使用古生菌和 3,3-二甲基-1-丁醇来减少 TMA（三甲胺）转化为 TMAO（三甲胺-N-氧化物），以及高纤维饮食来减少 TMA 前体，同时选择有益的肠道细菌，是有吸引力的抗动脉粥样硬化方法。
然而，这些方法在人类中的成功需要广泛的研究。
