Nuru Anwar, Mamo Gezahegne, Zewude Aboma, Mulat Yitayal, Yitayew Gashaw, Admasu Aschalew, Medhin Girmay, Pieper Rembert, Ameni Gobena
Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 346, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Res Notes. 2017 Jan 7;10(1):31. doi: 10.1186/s13104-016-2349-z.
The feeding habits and close physical contact between Ethiopian farmers and their cattle promote the transmission of tuberculosis (TB) between the farmers and their cattle. This study aimed to investigate the transmission of TB between farmers and their cattle in smallholder farms in northwestern Ethiopia.
A total of 70 human TB lymphadenitis (TBLN) cases visiting the Felegehiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Bahir Dar City and 660 cattle were investigated. Half of the cattle were owned by households with TB cases, and the remaining half by TB free households. Among the 70 human TBLN patients interviewed, 65.7% (46 out of 70) of the respondents were not aware of zoonotic TB, and 67.1% (47/70) of them consumed raw milk. Positive cultures of TB were obtained in 40 of the 70 cases where TBLN tests were positive with fine needle aspiration cytology. Spoligotyping resulted in 31 different patterns, of which 25 isolates were Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis, and the remaining were M. africanum (4 isolates) and M. bovis (2 isolates). None of the animals showed positive test results for bovine TB by comparative intradermal tuberculin test.
Based on the identification of M. bovis from two patients diagnosed with TBLN, we obtained preliminary evidence of zoonotic transmission of TB in northwestern Ethiopia. We did not identify a direct route of transmission between cattle and its owners. This is the objective of further investigations.
埃塞俄比亚农民与其牲畜之间的饲养习惯及密切身体接触促进了结核病在农民及其牲畜之间的传播。本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚西北部小农户农场中农民与其牲畜之间结核病的传播情况。
对前往巴赫达尔市费莱盖希沃特综合专科医院就诊的70例人类结核性淋巴结炎（TBLN）病例和660头牛进行了调查。一半的牛为有结核病病例家庭所拥有，另一半为无结核病家庭所拥有。在接受访谈的70例人类TBLN患者中，65.7%（70例中的46例）的受访者不知道人畜共患结核病，其中67.1%（47/70）的人饮用生牛奶。在70例TBLN检测呈阳性的病例中，40例通过细针穿刺细胞学检查获得了结核阳性培养物。间隔寡核苷酸分型产生了31种不同的模式，其中25株分离株为结核分枝杆菌，其余为非洲分枝杆菌（4株）和牛分枝杆菌（2株）。通过比较皮内结核菌素试验，没有动物显示牛结核病检测呈阳性结果。
基于从两名诊断为TBLN的患者中鉴定出牛分枝杆菌，我们获得了埃塞俄比亚西北部结核病存在人畜共患传播的初步证据。我们没有确定牛与其主人之间的直接传播途径。这是进一步调查的目标。
