Napolitano Francesco, Napolitano Paola, Angelillo Italo Francesco
Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Luciano Armanni, 5, 80138, Naples, Italy.
BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Jan 9;17(1):48. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-2138-2.
The aims of this study were to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards seasonal influenza and its vaccination among pregnant women.
A cross-sectional survey was carried out among a sample of women in the second or third trimester of pregnancy in Italy.
The 64.2% of the sample knew that the influenza is more dangerous for pregnant women. Women of older age, Italian, and who had a pregnancy at high-risk were more likely to have this knowledge. This knowledge was lower among women with none, primary or secondary school education. The majority of the respondents considered the vaccine not very useful during pregnancy. Those younger, unmarried, who knew that influenza is more dangerous for pregnant women, who knew that the vaccine could protect them, who reported a higher self-rated health status, and who had received information about influenza and its vaccination were more likely to have a positive attitude toward the usefulness of influenza vaccination in pregnancy. Women with secondary school education and with more than one child revealed a lower perception. Only 9.7% had received the vaccine and 21.4% of those unvaccinated would be willing to receive it. This positive attitude was higher among women with one child, who knew that the vaccine could protect them against the influenza, and who have a positive attitude toward the usefulness of the vaccination during pregnancy.
Health educational programs are needed to improve the knowledge about seasonal influenza and vaccination rate in pregnancy.
本研究旨在评估孕妇对季节性流感及其疫苗接种的知识、态度和行为。
对意大利处于妊娠中期或晚期的女性样本进行了横断面调查。
64.2%的样本知道流感对孕妇更危险。年龄较大、为意大利人以及有高危妊娠史的女性更有可能具备这一知识。在未接受过教育、小学或初中学历的女性中，这一知识水平较低。大多数受访者认为疫苗在孕期不太有用。年龄较小、未婚、知道流感对孕妇更危险、知道疫苗可以保护她们、自我健康评价较高且收到过流感及其疫苗接种信息的女性更有可能对孕期流感疫苗接种的有用性持积极态度。初中学历且子女数多于一个的女性认知较低。只有9.7%的人接种过疫苗，21.4%未接种的人愿意接种。有一个孩子、知道疫苗可以保护她们免受流感侵害且对孕期接种疫苗的有用性持积极态度的女性中，这种积极态度更高。
需要开展健康教育项目以提高对季节性流感的认识和孕期疫苗接种率。
