Wang Ping, Petrella Francesco, Nicosia Luca, Bellomi Massimo, Rizzo Stefania
Molecular Imaging Laboratory, MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy.
Stem Cells Int. 2016;2016:4058656. doi: 10.1155/2016/4058656. Epub 2016 Dec 14.
Stem cell transplantation has been investigated to rescue experimental liver failure and is promising to offer an alternative therapy to liver transplantation for liver diseases treatment. Several clinical studies in this field have been carried out, but the therapeutic benefit of this treatment is still controversial. A major obstacle to developing stem cell therapies in clinic is being able to visualize the cells in vivo. Imaging modalities allow optimization of delivery, detecting cell survival and functionality by in vivo monitoring these transplanted graft cells. Moreover, theranostic imaging is a brand new field that utilizes nanometer-scale materials to glean diagnostic insight for simultaneous treatment, which is very promising to improve stem cell-based therapy for treatment of liver diseases. The aim of this review was to summarize the various imaging tools that have been explored with advanced molecular imaging probes. We also outline some recent progress of preclinical and clinical studies of liver stem cells transplantation. Finally, we discuss theranostic imaging for stem cells transplantation for liver dysfunction and future opportunities afforded by theranostic imaging.
干细胞移植已被用于研究挽救实验性肝衰竭，有望为肝脏疾病治疗提供一种替代肝移植的疗法。该领域已开展了多项临床研究，但这种治疗方法的疗效仍存在争议。临床开发干细胞疗法的一个主要障碍是能够在体内可视化细胞。成像方式可通过体内监测这些移植的移植细胞来优化递送、检测细胞存活和功能。此外，治疗诊断成像利用纳米级材料收集诊断信息以进行同步治疗，是一个全新的领域，对于改善基于干细胞的肝脏疾病治疗非常有前景。本综述的目的是总结已使用先进分子成像探针探索的各种成像工具。我们还概述了肝干细胞移植的临床前和临床研究的一些最新进展。最后，我们讨论用于肝功能障碍的干细胞移植的治疗诊断成像以及治疗诊断成像带来的未来机遇。
