Department of Physical Therapy, 212 Friedman Building, 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Br J Sports Med. 2012 Oct;46(13):909-16. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2010-082719.
Research supports the use of exercise to improve quality of life and reduce the side effects of breast cancer treatment, such as fatigue and decreased aerobic capacity. Previously published reviews have focused on reporting the outcomes of exercise interventions, but have not critically examined the exercise prescriptions. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the application of the principles of exercise training in the exercise prescriptions reported in intervention studies for breast cancer survivors.
Databases were searched for randomised controlled trials of exercise in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Data were extracted to evaluate the application of the principles of exercise training, the reporting of the components of the exercise prescription and the reporting of adherence to the exercise prescription.
Of the 29 papers included, none applied all principles of exercise training. Specificity was applied by 64%, progression by 41%, overload by 31%, initial values by 62% and diminishing returns and reversibility by 7% of trials. No study reported all components of the exercise prescription.
The application of the principles of exercise training varied greatly, and reporting of the exercise prescribed and completed was incomplete. When principles of exercise training are applied to the development of exercise protocols, there is greater confidence that non-significant findings reflect lack of efficacy of exercise rather than deficiencies in the prescription. Incomplete reporting of the exercise prescription and adherence to the prescription limits the reproducibility of the intervention, and the ability to determine the dose of exercise received by participants.
研究支持通过运动来提高生活质量并减少乳腺癌治疗的副作用，如疲劳和有氧能力下降。先前发表的综述主要集中在报告运动干预的结果，但没有对运动处方进行批判性审查。本综述的目的是评估在乳腺癌幸存者的干预研究中报告的运动处方中应用运动训练原则的情况。
检索了针对被诊断患有乳腺癌的女性的运动随机对照试验数据库。提取数据以评估运动训练原则的应用、运动处方的组成部分的报告以及对运动处方的依从性的报告。
在纳入的 29 篇论文中，没有一篇论文完全应用了所有运动训练原则。特异性应用于 64%的试验，进展性应用于 41%，超负荷应用于 31%，初始值应用于 62%，递减回报和可逆性应用于 7%。没有研究报告了运动处方的所有组成部分。
运动训练原则的应用差异很大，对规定和完成的运动的报告不完整。当运动训练原则应用于运动方案的制定时，更有信心认为非显著发现反映的是运动的疗效不足，而不是处方的缺陷。对运动处方和对处方的依从性的不完整报告限制了干预的可重复性，以及确定参与者所接受的运动剂量的能力。
