Bo Yacong, Zhang Xueyuan, Wang Youli, You Jie, Cui Han, Zhu Yiwei, Pang Wei, Liu Wei, Jiang Yugang, Lu Quanjun
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of China Pingmei Shenma Group, Pingdingshan 467000, China.
Nutrients. 2017 Jan 10;9(1):54. doi: 10.3390/nu9010054.
Intake of -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (-3 PUFAs) may protect against mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, there is still a lack of the -3 PUFAs intervention in the elderly with MCI in China. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of -3 PUFA supplementation on cognitive function in the Chinese elderly with MCI.
Eighty six MCI individuals aged 60 years or older were randomly assigned to receive either -3 PUFAs (480 mg DHA and 720 mg EPA per day, = 44) or placebo (olive oil, = 42) capsules. The changes of cognitive functions were assessed using Basic Cognitive Aptitude Tests (BCAT).
The mean age of participants was 71 years old, and 59% of the participants were men. -3 PUFA supplementation was associated with improved total BCAT scores, perceptual speed, space imagery efficiency, and working memory ( < 0.01), but not with mental arithmetic efficiency or recognition memory ( > 0.05). Subgroup analysis by sex showed that -3 PUFAs significantly improved perceptual speed ( = 0.001), space imagery efficiency ( = 0.013), working memory ( = 0.018), and total BCAT scores ( = 0.000) in males. However, in females, the significant beneficial effects can only be observed in perceptual speed ( = 0.027), space imagery efficiency ( = 0.006), and total BCAT scores ( = 0.015)-not working memory ( = 0.113).
-3 PUFAs can improve cognitive function in people with MCI. Further studies with different fish oil dosages, longer intervention periods, and larger sample sizes should be investigated before definite recommendations can be made.
摄入ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-3 PUFAs）可能预防轻度认知障碍（MCI）。然而，中国针对患有MCI的老年人的ω-3 PUFAs干预措施仍然缺乏。本研究的目的是调查补充ω-3 PUFAs对中国患有MCI的老年人认知功能的影响。
86名60岁及以上的MCI患者被随机分配，分别接受ω-3 PUFAs（每天480毫克DHA和720毫克EPA，n = 44）或安慰剂（橄榄油，n = 42）胶囊。使用基本认知能力测试（BCAT）评估认知功能的变化。
参与者的平均年龄为71岁，59%的参与者为男性。补充ω-3 PUFAs与BCAT总分、感知速度、空间图像效率和工作记忆的改善相关（P < 0.01），但与心算效率或识别记忆无关（P > 0.05）。按性别进行的亚组分析显示，ω-3 PUFAs显著改善了男性的感知速度（P = 0.001）、空间图像效率（P = 0.013）、工作记忆（P = 0.018）和BCAT总分（P = 0.000）。然而，在女性中，仅在感知速度（P = 0.027）、空间图像效率（P = 0.006）和BCAT总分（P = 0.015）方面观察到显著的有益效果，而在工作记忆方面未观察到（P = 0.113）。
ω-3 PUFAs可改善MCI患者的认知功能。在做出明确建议之前，应进一步开展不同鱼油剂量、更长干预期和更大样本量的研究。
