Xiao Hao, Sun Tianyang, Meng Bo, Cheng Lihong
Department of Economics and Trade, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
Department of Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization, Chiba-shi,Chiba, Japan.
PLoS One. 2017 Jan 12;12(1):e0169549. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169549. eCollection 2017.
The rise of global value chains (GVCs) characterized by the so-called "outsourcing", "fragmentation production", and "trade in tasks" has been considered one of the most important phenomena for the 21st century trade. GVCs also can play a decisive role in trade policy making. However, due to the increasing complexity and sophistication of international production networks, especially in the equipment manufacturing industry, conventional trade statistics and the corresponding trade indicators may give us a distorted picture of trade. This paper applies various network analysis tools to the new GVC accounting system proposed by Koopman et al. (2014) and Wang et al. (2013) in which gross exports can be decomposed into value-added terms through various routes along GVCs. This helps to divide the equipment manufacturing-related GVCs into some sub-networks with clear visualization. The empirical results of this paper significantly improve our understanding of the topology of equipment manufacturing-related GVCs as well as the interdependency of countries in these GVCs that is generally invisible from the traditional trade statistics.
以所谓“外包”、“分割生产”和“任务贸易”为特征的全球价值链（GVCs）的兴起，被认为是21世纪贸易中最重要的现象之一。全球价值链在贸易政策制定中也能发挥决定性作用。然而，由于国际生产网络日益复杂和精密，尤其是在装备制造业，传统贸易统计数据及相应的贸易指标可能会让我们对贸易情况产生扭曲的认识。本文将各种网络分析工具应用于由库普曼等人（2014年）以及王等人（2013年）提出的新全球价值链核算体系，在该体系中，总出口可通过全球价值链上的各种路径分解为增值项。这有助于将与装备制造相关的全球价值链划分为一些具有清晰可视化效果的子网络。本文的实证结果显著增进了我们对与装备制造相关的全球价值链拓扑结构以及这些全球价值链中各国相互依存关系的理解，而这种相互依存关系从传统贸易统计数据中通常是看不到的。
