Ejike Chukwunonso E C C
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, PMB 1010 Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
J Trop Pediatr. 2017 Jun 1;63(3):229-241. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmw087.
Despite four decades of research, there is no systematic review and trend analysis on paediatric (pre)hypertension in Nigeria. This article reviewed data from cross-sectional studies on the subject. From the initial 9334 articles identified, 30 studies that met the inclusion criteria were systematically reviewed. Data from studies that defined hypertension as blood pressure (BP) greater than the 95th percentile for age, height and sex gave a prevalence of 8.2% [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.6-28.2%] for prehypertension and 5.1% (95% CI: 2.9-8.6%) for hypertension. For studies that defined hypertension as BP greater than 2 SD points from the mean of the population, the prevalence of hypertension was found to be 4.0% (95% CI: 2.8-5.7%). A significant negative trend (Z = -0.89; α < 0.01) with small magnitude (Q = -0.019; 95% CI: -0.070 to 0.028) was found for hypertension in the reviewed population. The prevalence of (pre)hypertension in Nigerian children and adolescents is moderate but has slightly declined over time.
尽管经过了四十年的研究，但尼日利亚仍未对儿童（前期）高血压进行系统综述和趋势分析。本文回顾了关于该主题的横断面研究数据。从最初识别出的9334篇文章中，对30项符合纳入标准的研究进行了系统综述。将高血压定义为血压（BP）高于年龄、身高和性别的第95百分位数的研究数据显示，前期高血压患病率为8.2%[95%置信区间（CI）：3.6 - 28.2%]，高血压患病率为5.1%（95% CI：2.9 - 8.6%）。对于将高血压定义为血压高于人群均值2个标准差的研究，发现高血压患病率为4.0%（95% CI：2.8 - 5.7%）。在所综述的人群中，高血压呈现出显著的负趋势（Z = -0.89；α < 0.01），幅度较小（Q = -0.019；95% CI：-0.070至0.028）。尼日利亚儿童和青少年中（前期）高血压的患病率处于中等水平，但随时间略有下降。
