Lee Chia-Jung, Chen Lih-Geeng, Liang Wen-Li, Wang Ching-Chiung
PhD Program for Clinical Drug Discovery of Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, College of Life Sciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Jan 12;18(1):141. doi: 10.3390/ijms18010141.
Acne is a common skin condition with sebum overproduction, hyperkeratosis, (. ) and , and inflammation. (pomegranate) is well-known for its anti-inflammatory effects; however, few studies have discussed the anti-acne effects of pomegranate. In this study, we found that pomegranate extract (PG-E) significantly reduced . -induced edema in Wistar rat ears. Therefore, an evaluation platform using multiple pathogenic mechanisms of acne was established to explore the anti-acne effects of pomegranate. Results showed that PG-E inhibited bacterial growth and lipase activity. Through a bioguided-fractionation-isolation system, four hydrolysable tannins, punicalagin (), punicalin (), strictinin A (), and granatin B (), were isolated. Compounds and had greater anti-bacterial activities and anti-testosterone-induced HaCaT proliferative effects than the others. Compounds , , and displayed lipase inhibitory effects. Compound decreased cyclooxygenase-2 expression and downregulated prostaglandin E₂ production in heat-killed . -treated RAW 246.7 cells. In conclusion, PG-E is abundant in hydrolysable tannins that display multiple anti-acne capacities, including anti-bacterial, anti-lipase, anti-keratinocyte proliferation, and anti-inflammatory actions. Hence, PG-E has great potential in the application of anti-acne and skin-care products, and punicalagin (), the most effective component in PG-E, can be employed as a quality control marker.
痤疮是一种常见的皮肤疾病，伴有皮脂过度分泌、角化过度、（此处原文缺失内容）以及炎症。石榴以其抗炎作用而闻名；然而，很少有研究探讨石榴的抗痤疮作用。在本研究中，我们发现石榴提取物（PG-E）显著减轻了Wistar大鼠耳部由（此处原文缺失内容）诱导的水肿。因此，建立了一个利用痤疮多种致病机制的评估平台来探究石榴的抗痤疮作用。结果表明，PG-E抑制细菌生长和脂肪酶活性。通过生物导向的分级分离系统，分离出了四种可水解单宁，即安石榴苷（）、石榴皮苷（）、A组矢车菊素（）和B组石榴皮素（）。化合物和比其他化合物具有更强的抗菌活性和抗睾酮诱导的HaCaT细胞增殖作用。化合物、和表现出脂肪酶抑制作用。化合物降低了热灭活的（此处原文缺失内容）处理的RAW 246.7细胞中环氧合酶-2的表达并下调了前列腺素E₂的产生。总之，PG-E富含具有多种抗痤疮能力的可水解单宁，包括抗菌、抗脂肪酶、抗角质形成细胞增殖和抗炎作用。因此，PG-E在抗痤疮和护肤品应用方面具有巨大潜力，并且PG-E中最有效的成分安石榴苷（）可作为质量控制指标。
