Costa Rui Ponte, Mizusaki Beatriz E P, Sjöström P Jesper, van Rossum Mark C W
Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, School of Informatics University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2017 Mar 5;372(1715). doi: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0153.
Growing experimental evidence shows that both homeostatic and Hebbian synaptic plasticity can be expressed presynaptically as well as postsynaptically. In this review, we start by discussing this evidence and methods used to determine expression loci. Next, we discuss the functional consequences of this diversity in pre- and postsynaptic expression of both homeostatic and Hebbian synaptic plasticity. In particular, we explore the functional consequences of a biologically tuned model of pre- and postsynaptically expressed spike-timing-dependent plasticity complemented with postsynaptic homeostatic control. The pre- and postsynaptic expression in this model predicts (i) more reliable receptive fields and sensory perception, (ii) rapid recovery of forgotten information (memory savings), and (iii) reduced response latencies, compared with a model with postsynaptic expression only. Finally, we discuss open questions that will require a considerable research effort to better elucidate how the specific locus of expression of homeostatic and Hebbian plasticity alters synaptic and network computations.This article is part of the themed issue 'Integrating Hebbian and homeostatic plasticity'.
越来越多的实验证据表明，稳态和赫布式突触可塑性既可以在突触前表达，也可以在突触后表达。在这篇综述中，我们首先讨论这些证据以及用于确定表达位点的方法。接下来，我们讨论稳态和赫布式突触可塑性在突触前和突触后表达的这种多样性的功能后果。特别是，我们探讨了一种生物调节模型的功能后果，该模型将突触前和突触后表达的尖峰时间依赖性可塑性与突触后稳态控制相结合。与仅具有突触后表达的模型相比，该模型中的突触前和突触后表达预测：（i）更可靠的感受野和感官知觉；（ii）遗忘信息的快速恢复（记忆节省）；（iii）反应潜伏期缩短。最后，我们讨论了一些开放性问题，这些问题需要大量的研究工作，以更好地阐明稳态和赫布式可塑性的特定表达位点如何改变突触和网络计算。本文是主题为“整合赫布式和稳态可塑性”的特刊的一部分。
