Atikuzzaman Mohammad, Alvarez-Rodriguez Manuel, Vicente-Carrillo Alejandro, Johnsson Martin, Wright Dominic, Rodriguez-Martinez Heriberto
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Campus HU/US, Developmental Biology, Linköping University, Lasarettsgatan 64/65, Lanken, floor 12, SE-581 85, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
BMC Genomics. 2017 Jan 18;18(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s12864-017-3488-x.
Spermatozoa are stored in the oviductal functional sperm reservoir in animals with internal fertilization, including zoologically distant classes such as pigs or poultry. They are held fertile in the reservoir for times ranging from a couple of days (in pigs), to several weeks (in chickens), before they are gradually released to fertilize the newly ovulated eggs. It is currently unknown whether females from these species share conserved mechanisms to tolerate such a lengthy presence of immunologically-foreign spermatozoa. Therefore, global gene expression was assessed using cDNA microarrays on tissue collected from the avian utero-vaginal junction (UVJ), and the porcine utero-tubal junction (UTJ) to determine expression changes after mating (entire semen deposition) or in vivo cloacal/cervical infusion of sperm-free seminal fluid (SF)/seminal plasma (SP).
In chickens, mating changed the expression of 303 genes and SF-infusion changed the expression of 931 genes, as compared to controls, with 68 genes being common to both treatments. In pigs, mating or SP-infusion changed the expressions of 1,722 and 1,148 genes, respectively, as compared to controls, while 592 genes were common to both treatments. The differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched for GO categories related to immune system functions (35.72-fold enrichment). The top 200 differentially expressed genes of each treatment in each animal class were analysed for gene ontology. In both pig and chicken, an excess of genes affecting local immune defence were activated, though frequently these were down-regulated. Similar genes were found in both the chicken and pig, either involved in pH-regulation (SLC16A2, SLC4A9, SLC13A1, SLC35F1, ATP8B3, ATP13A3) or immune-modulation (IFIT5, IFI16, MMP27, ADAMTS3, MMP3, MMP12).
Despite being phylogenetically distant, chicken and pig appear to share some gene functions for the preservation of viable spermatozoa in the female reservoirs.
在体内受精的动物中，精子储存在输卵管功能性精子库中，这些动物包括在动物学上分类差异较大的类别，如猪或家禽。在它们逐渐释放以使新排出的卵子受精之前，精子在精子库中保持可育状态的时间从几天（猪）到几周（鸡）不等。目前尚不清楚这些物种的雌性是否具有保守机制来耐受免疫外来精子的这种长时间存在。因此，使用cDNA微阵列对从禽类子宫 - 阴道交界处（UVJ）和猪子宫 - 输卵管交界处（UTJ）收集的组织进行全局基因表达评估，以确定交配（全精液沉积）或体内泄殖腔/宫颈注入无精子精液（SF）/精浆（SP）后的表达变化。
与对照组相比，在鸡中交配改变了303个基因的表达，注入SF改变了931个基因的表达，两种处理共有68个基因相同。在猪中，与对照组相比，交配或注入SP分别改变了1722个和1148个基因的表达，两种处理共有592个基因相同。差异表达基因在与免疫系统功能相关的GO类别中显著富集（富集35.72倍）。对每个动物类别中每种处理的前200个差异表达基因进行基因本体分析。在猪和鸡中，影响局部免疫防御的过量基因均被激活，尽管这些基因经常下调。在鸡和猪中发现了相似基因，这些基因要么参与pH调节（SLC16A2、SLC4A9、SLC13A1、SLC35F1、ATP8B3、ATP13A3），要么参与免疫调节（IFIT5、IFI16、MMP27、ADAMTS3、MMP3、MMP12）。
尽管鸡和猪在系统发育上相距甚远，但它们在雌性生殖库中保存活精子方面似乎具有一些共同的基因功能。
