Kennedy Mary Clare, McNeil Ryan, Milloy M-J, Dong Huiru, Kerr Thomas, Hayashi Kanna
British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2205 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, St. Paul's Hospital, 608-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
Int J Drug Policy. 2017 Mar;41:59-64. doi: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.12.017.
People who inject drugs (PWID) experience markedly elevated rates of physical and sexual violence, as well as housing instability. While previous studies have demonstrated an association between homelessness and increased exposure to violence among PWID, the relationship between residential eviction and violence is unknown. We therefore sought to examine the association between residential eviction and experiencing violence among PWID in Vancouver, Canada.
Data were derived from two open prospective cohort studies of PWID: the Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study (VIDUS) and the AIDS Care Cohort to evaluate Exposure to Survival Services (ACCESS). We used generalized estimating equations (GEE) to estimate the relationship between residential eviction and experiencing violence among male and female PWID, respectively.
Between June 2007 and May 2014, 1689 participants were eligible for the analysis, contributing a median of 5.5 years of follow-up. Of these, 567 (33.6%) were female. In total, 259 (45.7%) of females and 566 (50.4%) of males experienced at least one incident of violence over the study period. In multivariable GEE models, residential eviction was independently associated with greater odds of experiencing violence among both females (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR]=2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39-3.13) and males (AOR=1.95; 95% CI=1.49-2.55), after adjustment for potential confounders.
Residential eviction was independently associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing violence among both male and female PWID. These findings point to the need for evidence-based social-structural interventions to mitigate housing instability and violence among PWID in this setting.
注射吸毒者遭受身体暴力、性暴力的比率显著升高，且住房不稳定。虽然先前的研究已证明无家可归与注射吸毒者遭受更多暴力之间存在关联，但居住驱逐与暴力之间的关系尚不清楚。因此，我们试图研究加拿大温哥华注射吸毒者的居住驱逐与遭受暴力之间的关联。
数据来自两项针对注射吸毒者的开放性前瞻性队列研究：温哥华注射吸毒者研究（VIDUS）和艾滋病护理队列以评估生存服务暴露情况（ACCESS）。我们分别使用广义估计方程（GEE）来估计居住驱逐与男性和女性注射吸毒者遭受暴力之间的关系。
在2007年6月至2014年5月期间，有l689名参与者符合分析条件，随访时间中位数为5.5年。其中，567名（33.6%）为女性。在研究期间，共有259名（45.7%）女性和566名（50.4%）男性至少经历过一次暴力事件。在多变量GEE模型中，在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，居住驱逐与女性（调整后的优势比[AOR]=2.09；95%置信区间[CI]：1.39 - 3.13）和男性（AOR = 1.95；95% CI = 1.49 - 2.55）遭受暴力的较高几率独立相关。
居住驱逐与男性和女性注射吸毒者遭受暴力的可能性增加独立相关。这些发现表明需要基于证据的社会结构干预措施，以减轻这种情况下注射吸毒者的住房不稳定和暴力问题。
