Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil.
Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Av 28 de Setembro, nº 87, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20551-030, Brazil.
Eur J Nutr. 2018 Mar;57(2):817-832. doi: 10.1007/s00394-016-1371-1. Epub 2017 Jan 20.
Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí) seed extract (ASE), through its anti-hypertensive, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may be useful to treat or prevent human diseases. Several evidences suggest that oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy; therefore, we tested the hypothesis that ASE (200 mg/kgday) prevents diabetes and hypertension-related oxidative stress and inflammation, attenuating renal injury.
Male rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes (D), and spontaneously hypertensive rats with STZ-induced diabetes (DH) were treated daily with tap water or ASE (D + ASE and DH + ASE, respectively) for 45 days. The control (C) and hypertensive (H) animals received water.
The elevated serum levels of urea and creatinine in D and DH, and increased albumin excretion in HD were reduced by ASE. Total glomeruli number in D and DH, were increased by ASE that also reduced renal fibrosis in both groups by decreasing collagen IV and TGF-β1 expression. ASE improved biomarkers of renal filtration barrier (podocin and nephrin) in D and DH groups and prevented the increased expression of caspase-3, IL-6, TNF-α and MCP-1 in both groups. ASE reduced oxidative damage markers (TBARS, carbonyl levels and 8-isoprostane) in D and DH associated with a decrease in Nox 4 and p47 subunit expression and increase in antioxidant enzyme activity in both groups (SOD, catalase and GPx).
ASE substantially reduced renal injury and prevented renal dysfunction by reducing inflammation, oxidative stress and improving the renal filtration barrier, providing a nutritional resource for prevention of diabetic and hypertensive-related nephropathy.
依诺柏（Euterpe oleracea Mart.，俗称巴西莓）籽油具有降血压、抗氧化和抗炎特性，可能有助于治疗或预防人类疾病。有几项证据表明，氧化应激和炎症会导致糖尿病肾病的发病机制；因此，我们假设 ASE（200mg/kg/天）可预防糖尿病和高血压相关的氧化应激和炎症，从而减轻肾脏损伤。
链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病雄性大鼠（D 组）和 STZ 诱导的糖尿病自发性高血压大鼠（DH 组）每天用自来水或 ASE（分别为 D+ASE 和 DH+ASE）治疗 45 天。对照组（C 组）和高血压组（H 组）接受自来水。
ASE 降低了 D 和 DH 组血清尿素和肌酐水平升高以及 HD 组白蛋白排泄增加的情况。ASE 增加了 D 和 DH 组的总肾小球数量，减少了胶原 IV 和 TGF-β1 的表达，从而降低了两组的肾纤维化程度。ASE 改善了 D 和 DH 组的肾小球滤过屏障生物标志物（足细胞和肾小囊蛋白），并防止了两组 caspase-3、IL-6、TNF-α 和 MCP-1 的表达增加。ASE 降低了 D 和 DH 组的氧化损伤标志物（TBARS、羰基水平和 8-异前列腺素），同时降低了 Nox 4 和 p47 亚基的表达，增加了两组的抗氧化酶活性（SOD、过氧化氢酶和 GPx）。
ASE 通过减少炎症、氧化应激和改善肾小球滤过屏障，显著减轻了肾脏损伤并预防了肾功能障碍，为预防糖尿病和高血压相关的肾病提供了一种营养资源。
