使用睡眠干预措施来吸引并治疗大量饮酒的大学生：一项随机试点研究。
Using Sleep Interventions to Engage and Treat Heavy-Drinking College Students: A Randomized Pilot Study.
作者信息
Fucito Lisa M, DeMartini Kelly S, Hanrahan Tess H, Yaggi Henry Klar, Heffern Christina, Redeker Nancy S
机构信息
Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut.
出版信息
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2017 Apr;41(4):798-809. doi: 10.1111/acer.13342. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
BACKGROUND
Continued high alcohol consumption levels by college students highlight the need for more effective alcohol interventions and novel treatment engagement strategies. The purpose of this study was to investigate a behavioral sleep intervention as a means to engage heavy-drinking college students in treatment and reduce alcohol use and alcohol-related consequences.
METHODS
Heavy-drinking college students (N = 42) were assigned to 1 of 2 web-based interventions comprised of 4 modules delivered over 4 weeks. The experimental intervention focused primarily on sleep and included evidence-based sleep content (i.e., stimulus control instructions, sleep scheduling [consistent bed/rise times; ideal sleep duration for adolescents/young adults], sleep hygiene advice, relaxation training, cognitive strategies to target sleep-disruptive beliefs), and alcohol content (i.e., normative and blood alcohol level feedback, moderate drinking guidelines, controlled drinking strategies, effects of alcohol on sleep and the body, advice to moderate drinking for improved sleep) in young adults. The control condition Healthy Behaviors provided basic advice about nutrition, exercise, sleep (i.e., good sleep hygiene only), and drinking (i.e., effects of alcohol on the body, moderate drinking guidelines, advice to moderate drinking for sleep). Participants in both conditions monitored their sleep using daily web-based diaries and a wrist-worn sleep tracker.
RESULTS
Recruitment ads targeting college students with sleep concerns effectively identified heavy-drinking students. The program generated a high number of inquiries and treatment completion rates were high. Both interventions significantly reduced typical week drinking and alcohol-related consequences and improved sleep quality and sleep-related impairment ratings. The control condition yielded greater reductions in total drinks in a heaviest drinking week. The effects on drinking were larger than those observed in typical brief alcohol intervention studies for college students. Greater sleep improvement tended to predict better subsequent drinking outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that sleep treatment may be a promising strategy for targeting and treating heavy-drinking college students.
背景
大学生持续的高酒精消费水平凸显了采取更有效酒精干预措施和新颖治疗参与策略的必要性。本研究的目的是调查一种行为睡眠干预措施，以此促使大量饮酒的大学生参与治疗，并减少酒精使用及与酒精相关的后果。
方法
大量饮酒的大学生（N = 42）被分配到两种基于网络的干预措施中的一种，这两种干预措施由在4周内提供的4个模块组成。实验性干预主要聚焦于睡眠，包括基于证据的睡眠内容（即刺激控制指令、睡眠计划[一致的上床/起床时间；青少年/年轻人的理想睡眠时间]、睡眠卫生建议、放松训练、针对破坏睡眠信念的认知策略）以及年轻人的酒精相关内容（即规范和血液酒精水平反馈、适度饮酒指南、控制饮酒策略、酒精对睡眠和身体的影响、为改善睡眠适度饮酒的建议）。对照条件“健康行为”提供了关于营养、运动、睡眠（即仅良好的睡眠卫生）和饮酒（即酒精对身体的影响、适度饮酒指南、为睡眠适度饮酒的建议）的基本建议。两种条件下的参与者都使用每日网络日记和腕戴式睡眠追踪器监测他们的睡眠。
结果
针对有睡眠问题的大学生的招募广告有效地识别出了大量饮酒的学生。该项目引发了大量咨询，治疗完成率很高。两种干预措施都显著减少了典型周饮酒量及与酒精相关的后果，并改善了睡眠质量和与睡眠相关的损伤评分。对照条件在饮酒量最大的一周中使总饮酒量减少得更多。对饮酒的影响大于在针对大学生的典型简短酒精干预研究中观察到的影响。更大程度的睡眠改善往往预示着随后更好的饮酒结果。
结论
结果表明，睡眠治疗可能是针对并治疗大量饮酒大学生的一种有前景的策略。
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