Zhao Hang, Wu Di, Kong Fanying, Lin Ke, Zhang Haishen, Li Gang
State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Jan 10;7:2045. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.02045. eCollection 2016.
Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) is an evolutionarily conserved trimeric transcription factor complex present in nearly all eukaryotes. The heterotrimeric NF-Y complex consists of three subunits, NF-YA, NF-YB, and NF-YC, and binds to the box in the promoter regions of its target genes to regulate their expression. Yeast and mammal genomes generally have single genes with multiple splicing isoforms that encode each NF-Y subunit. By contrast, plant genomes generally have multi-gene families encoding each subunit and these genes are differentially expressed in various tissues or stages. Therefore, different subunit combinations can lead to a wide variety of NF-Y complexes in various tissues, stages, and growth conditions, indicating the potentially diverse functions of this complex in plants. Indeed, many recent studies have proved that the NF-Y complex plays multiple essential roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. In this review, we highlight recent progress on NF-Y in , including NF-Y protein structure, heterotrimeric complex formation, and the molecular mechanism by which NF-Y regulates downstream target gene expression. We then focus on its biological functions and underlying molecular mechanisms. Finally, possible directions for future research on NF-Y are also presented.
核因子Y（NF-Y）是一种在几乎所有真核生物中都存在的进化保守的三聚体转录因子复合物。异源三聚体NF-Y复合物由三个亚基NF-YA、NF-YB和NF-YC组成，并与靶基因启动子区域的 盒结合以调节其表达。酵母和哺乳动物基因组通常具有单个基因，这些基因带有多个剪接异构体，分别编码每个NF-Y亚基。相比之下，植物基因组通常具有编码每个亚基的多基因家族，并且这些基因在不同组织或阶段中差异表达。因此，不同的亚基组合可以在各种组织、阶段和生长条件下产生各种各样的NF-Y复合物，这表明该复合物在植物中可能具有多种功能。事实上，最近许多研究已经证明，NF-Y复合物在植物生长、发育和应激反应中发挥着多种重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了关于NF-Y在 方面的最新进展，包括NF-Y蛋白结构、异源三聚体复合物形成以及NF-Y调节下游靶基因表达的分子机制。然后，我们关注其生物学功能和潜在的分子机制。最后，还提出了未来NF-Y研究可能的方向。
