Belcheva Antoaneta
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Bioessays. 2017 Mar;39(3). doi: 10.1002/bies.201600200. Epub 2017 Feb 3.
Maintaining intestinal homeostasis is a key prerequisite for a healthy gut. Recent evidence points out that microRNAs (miRNAs) act at the epicenter of the signaling networks regulating this process. The fine balance in the interaction between gut microbiota, intestinal epithelial cells, and the host immune system is achieved by constant transmission of signals and their precise regulation. Gut microbes extensively communicate with the host immune system and modulate host gene expression. On the other hand, sensing of gut microbiota by the immune cells provides appropriate tolerant responses that facilitate the symbiotic relationships. While the role of many regulatory proteins, receptors and their signaling pathways in the regulation of the intestinal homeostasis is well documented, the involvement of non-coding RNA molecules in this process has just emerged. This review discusses the most recent knowledge about the contribution of miRNAs in the regulation of the intestinal homeostasis.
维持肠道内稳态是肠道健康的关键前提。最近的证据表明，微小RNA（miRNA）在调节这一过程的信号网络中心发挥作用。肠道微生物群、肠上皮细胞和宿主免疫系统之间相互作用的精细平衡是通过信号的持续传递及其精确调节来实现的。肠道微生物与宿主免疫系统广泛交流并调节宿主基因表达。另一方面，免疫细胞对肠道微生物群的感知提供了适当的耐受反应，促进了共生关系。虽然许多调节蛋白、受体及其信号通路在肠道内稳态调节中的作用已有充分记载，但非编码RNA分子在这一过程中的参与才刚刚出现。本综述讨论了有关miRNA在肠道内稳态调节中作用的最新知识。
