State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
Genes (Basel). 2020 Sep 12;11(9):1075. doi: 10.3390/genes11091075.
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The regulation of microRNA expression in the gut intestine is gradually recognized as one of the crucial contributors of intestinal homeostasis and overall health. Recent studies indicated that both the microRNAs endogenous in the gut intestine and exogenous from diets could play influential roles in modulating microbial colonization and intestinal immunity. In this review, we discuss the biological functions of microRNAs in regulating intestinal homeostasis by modulating intestinal immune responses and gut microbiota. We particularly focus on addressing the microRNA-dependent communication and interactions among microRNA, gut microbiota, and intestinal immune system. Besides, we also summarize the roles of diet-derived microRNAs in host-microbiome homeostasis and their benefits on intestinal health. A better understanding of the relationships among intestinal disorders, microRNAs, and other factors influencing intestinal health can facilitate the application of microRNA-based therapeutics for gastrointestinal diseases.
微 RNA 是一种小的非编码 RNA，可以在转录后水平调控基因表达。肠道中微 RNA 表达的调节逐渐被认为是肠道内稳态和整体健康的关键贡献者之一。最近的研究表明，肠道内源性和膳食外源性的微 RNA 都可以在调节微生物定植和肠道免疫方面发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了微 RNA 通过调节肠道免疫反应和肠道菌群来调节肠道内稳态的生物学功能。我们特别关注微 RNA、肠道菌群和肠道免疫系统之间的依赖于微 RNA 的通讯和相互作用。此外，我们还总结了饮食衍生的微 RNA 在宿主-微生物群内稳态中的作用及其对肠道健康的益处。更好地理解肠道紊乱、微 RNA 和其他影响肠道健康的因素之间的关系，可以促进基于微 RNA 的治疗胃肠道疾病的应用。
