Zarebavani Mitra, Dargahi Delaram, Einollahi Nahid, Dashti Nasrin, Safari Fatemeh, Rezaeian Mostafa
Clin Lab. 2017 Jan 1;63(1):47-52. doi: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2016.160504.
Giardiasis is one of the most prevalent intestinal protozoa infections in humans. Nowadays, nitric oxide (NO) is known to be involved in the immune system against Giardia intestinalis. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the level of NO in individuals with giardiasis in comparison to normal subjects.
This descriptive study was conducted among 49 Giadia positive and 39 age and gender matched healthy volunteers. Examination of stool samples was done by wet mount technique and formol-ether concentration method. Serum samples were obtained for laboratory examination. NO production was quantified by measuring nitrite, a stable end product of NO, using the Griess reaction based on ELISA method. By using the standard curve in Excel program, the concentration of NO2- in samples was obtained. Finally, all data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.
Values obtained from NO assays were placed into 4 groups: ≤ 10 (decline), 10.01 - 15 (normal), 15.01 - 25 (increase), and more than 25 µM (sharp increase). The mean level of NO in patients with G. intestinalis was 32.19 ± 2.15 µM and in people without G. intestinalis was 17.1 ± 1.33 µM. Eight point two percent of patients with Giardiasis were in normal range, but 2%, 20.4%, and 69.4% were in decline, increase, and sharp increase ranges, respectively. In group 2 (without infection), 17.9% were in normal range, and 20.5%, 51.3%, and 10.3% were in decline, increase, and sharp increase ranges, respectively. There was a statistical difference in nitric oxide levels between positive and negative groups with a 95% confidence interval. (p-value = 0.001).
In our study, the number of people who showed a sharp increase in NO levels was significantly higher in individuals with giardiasis as compared to the control group, and patients infected with giardiasis showed significant increase in NO levels. Therefore, we suggest that further studies are required to understand the exact function of NO in the immune system against giardiasis in humans. It will be important to offer a new therapeutic target for eliminating G. intestinalis.
贾第虫病是人类最常见的肠道原生动物感染之一。如今，已知一氧化氮（NO）参与针对肠道贾第虫的免疫系统。因此，本研究的目的是评估贾第虫病患者与正常受试者相比的NO水平。
本描述性研究在49名贾第虫阳性患者以及39名年龄和性别匹配的健康志愿者中进行。粪便样本通过湿片技术和甲醛乙醚浓缩法进行检查。采集血清样本进行实验室检查。基于ELISA方法，利用格里斯反应通过测量亚硝酸盐（NO的稳定终产物）来定量NO的产生。通过使用Excel程序中的标准曲线，获得样本中亚硝酸根离子的浓度。最后，使用SPSS 17版对所有数据进行分析。
从NO检测获得的值分为4组：≤10（下降）、10.01 - 15（正常）、15.01 - 25（升高）和超过25 μM（急剧升高）。肠道贾第虫患者的平均NO水平为32.19±2.15 μM，未感染肠道贾第虫的人的平均NO水平为17.1±1.33 μM。8.2%的贾第虫病患者处于正常范围，但分别有2%、20.4%和69.4%处于下降、升高和急剧升高范围。在第2组（未感染）中，17.9%处于正常范围，分别有20.5%、51.3%和10.3%处于下降、升高和急剧升高范围。阳性和阴性组之间的一氧化氮水平存在统计学差异，95%置信区间（p值 = 0.001）。
在我们的研究中，与对照组相比，贾第虫病患者中NO水平急剧升高的人数显著更多，感染贾第虫病的患者NO水平显著升高。因此，我们建议需要进一步研究以了解NO在人类针对贾第虫病的免疫系统中的确切功能。为消除肠道贾第虫提供新的治疗靶点将很重要。
