Wolfe Jeremy M
Ophthalmology & Radiology, Harvard Medical School, 64 Sidney St. Suite 170, Cambridge, MA 02139-4170 USA ; Visual Attention Lab, Department of Surgery, Brigham & Women's Hospital, 64 Sidney St. Suite 170, Cambridge, MA 02139-4170 USA.
Cogn Res Princ Implic. 2016;1(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s41235-016-0019-2. Epub 2016 Nov 14.
This journal is dedicated to "use-inspired basic research" where a problem in the world shapes the hypotheses for a study in the laboratory. This brief review presents several examples of "use-inspired basic research" in the area of medical image perception. These are cases where the field of radiology raises an interesting issue in visual cognition. Basic research on those issues may then lead to proposals to improve performance on clinical tasks in medical image perception. Of the six examples given here, the first three ask essentially perceptual questions: How can stereopsis improve medical image perception? How shall we assess the tradeoff between radiation dose and image quality? How does the choice of colors change the interpretation of medical images? The second three examples address attentional issues in those aspects of radiology that can be described as visual search problems: Can eye tracking help us understand errors in radiologic search? What happens if the number of targets in an image is unknown? What happens if, as in radiology screening programs, the target of search is very rare?
本期刊致力于“以应用为导向的基础研究”，即世界上的某个问题塑造了实验室研究的假设。这篇简短的综述展示了医学图像感知领域中“以应用为导向的基础研究”的几个例子。这些例子都是放射学领域在视觉认知方面提出有趣问题的情况。对这些问题的基础研究可能会进而产生提高医学图像感知临床任务表现的建议。在这里给出的六个例子中，前三个本质上是关于感知的问题：立体视觉如何改善医学图像感知？我们应如何评估辐射剂量与图像质量之间的权衡？颜色的选择如何改变对医学图像的解读？后三个例子涉及放射学中可描述为视觉搜索问题的那些方面的注意力问题：眼动追踪能帮助我们理解放射学搜索中的错误吗？如果图像中的目标数量未知会怎样？如果像在放射学筛查项目中那样，搜索目标非常罕见会怎样？
