Mizokami Akiko, Kawakubo-Yasukochi Tomoyo, Hirata Masato
Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry and, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; OBT Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
Department of Immunological and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2017 May 15;132:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.02.001. Epub 2017 Feb 9.
Bone has traditionally been regarded as a static structural organ that supports movement of the body and protects the internal organs. However, evidence has been accumulated in the past decade showing that bone also functions as an endocrine organ that regulates systemic glucose and energy metabolism. Osteocalcin, an osteoblast-specific secreted protein, acts as a hormone by stimulating insulin production and increasing energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity in target organs. Animal studies have shown that an increase in the circulating concentration of osteocalcin, including via exogenous application of the protein, prevents obesity and glucose intolerance. Moreover, a number of epidemiological analyses support the role of osteocalcin in the regulation of glucose and energy homeostasis in humans. Therefore, it has been suggested that osteocalcin could be a feasible preventive or therapeutic agent for metabolic disorders. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the endocrine functions of osteocalcin and its various modes of action.
传统上，骨骼被视为一种静态的结构器官，它支撑身体的运动并保护内部器官。然而，在过去十年中积累的证据表明，骨骼还作为一种内分泌器官发挥作用，调节全身葡萄糖和能量代谢。骨钙素是一种成骨细胞特异性分泌蛋白，通过刺激胰岛素产生以及增加靶器官的能量消耗和胰岛素敏感性来发挥激素作用。动物研究表明，循环中骨钙素浓度的增加，包括通过外源性应用该蛋白，可预防肥胖和葡萄糖不耐受。此外，一些流行病学分析支持骨钙素在调节人体葡萄糖和能量稳态中的作用。因此，有人提出骨钙素可能是一种用于代谢紊乱的可行预防或治疗药物。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于骨钙素内分泌功能及其各种作用模式的当前知识。
