尼泊尔坎昌普尔和帕尔萨两个登革热流行地区埃及伊蚊（L.）中登革热的流行情况及可培养细菌的多样性。
Prevalence of dengue and diversity of cultivable bacteria in vector Aedes aegypti (L.) from two dengue endemic districts, Kanchanpur and Parsa of Nepal.
作者信息
Thapa Srinivas, Pant Narayan Dutt, Shrestha Rojina, Gc Ganga, Shrestha Bidya, Pandey Basu Dev, Gautam Ishan
机构信息
Department of Microbiology, Tri-Chandra Multiple Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Department of Microbiology, Grande International Hospital, Dhapasi, Kathmandu, Nepal.
出版信息
J Health Popul Nutr. 2017 Feb 13;36(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s41043-017-0080-6.
BACKGROUND
Dengue fever, an endemic arboviral disease, represents one of the major public health concerns in Nepal. It is transmitted by bites of infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, the former being primary vector. The bacterial community plays a significant role in biology of mosquitoes; however, the bacterial communities of primary vector A. aegypti remain unstudied in Nepal. The study was designed to determine the rate of dengue seropositivity and to explore the bacterial diversity of A. aegypti from dengue endemic districts, Kanchanpur and Parsa of Nepal.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2013 and November 2013 at two hospitals of Kanchanpur and Parsa. A total of 221 serum samples were collected from patients (inpatients and outpatients) suspected of suffering from dengue fever and attending Mahakali Zonal Hospital, Mahendranagar, Kanchanpur, and Narayani Zonal Hospital, Birgunj, Parsa. Detection of anti-dengue IgM was performed by using human dengue IgM capture ELISA. The larvae and pupae of mosquitoes (A. aegypti) were collected, reared, and emerged. Then, the bacteria were isolated and identified from the gut of identified mosquitoes by using standard methods.
RESULTS
Out of total 221 serum samples collected from patients suspected of suffering from dengue fever, 34 (15.38%) were positive for anti-dengue IgM. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated in largest proportion (63%) followed by gram-positive cocci (23.27%) and gram-positive rods (13.73%). The most common cultivable bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Acinetobacter spp. The average bacterial load in the vectors was 3.91 × 10 cfu/ml.
CONCLUSIONS
High rate of anti-dengue IgM seropositivity was reported in our study. The environmental bacteria were predominantly isolated and identified in A. aegypti. The paratransgenic approach to control vector might be possible by spreading the genetically modified bacteria in larval habitat or shelter of adult mosquitoes.
背景
登革热是一种地方性虫媒病毒疾病，是尼泊尔主要的公共卫生问题之一。它通过感染的埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊叮咬传播，前者是主要传播媒介。细菌群落对蚊子的生物学特性起着重要作用；然而，尼泊尔主要传播媒介埃及伊蚊的细菌群落仍未得到研究。本研究旨在确定登革热血清阳性率，并探索尼泊尔登革热流行地区坎昌普尔和帕尔萨的埃及伊蚊的细菌多样性。
方法
2013年6月至2013年11月在坎昌普尔和帕尔萨两地的两家医院进行了一项横断面研究。从疑似患有登革热并前往坎昌普尔马亨德拉纳加尔市的马哈卡利地区医院和帕尔萨比尔根杰市的纳拉亚尼地区医院就诊的患者（住院患者和门诊患者）中总共采集了221份血清样本。使用人类登革热IgM捕获ELISA法检测抗登革热IgM。收集、饲养并羽化蚊子（埃及伊蚊）的幼虫和蛹。然后，使用标准方法从已鉴定蚊子的肠道中分离并鉴定细菌。
结果
在从疑似患有登革热的患者中采集的221份血清样本中，34份（15.38%）抗登革热IgM呈阳性。分离出的革兰氏阴性菌比例最大（63%），其次是革兰氏阳性球菌（23.27%）和革兰氏阳性杆菌（13.73%）。分离出的最常见可培养细菌是葡萄球菌属、假单胞菌属和不动杆菌属。媒介中的平均细菌载量为3.91×10 cfu/ml。
结论
我们的研究报告了较高的抗登革热IgM血清阳性率。在埃及伊蚊中主要分离和鉴定出环境细菌。通过在幼虫栖息地或成年蚊子的栖息地传播转基因细菌，采用共生转基因方法控制媒介可能是可行的。
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