Smits Marleen, Keizer Ellen, Giesen Paul, Deilkås Ellen Catharina Tveter, Hofoss Dag, Bondevik Gunnar Tschudi
Radboud Scientific Center for Quality of Healthcare (IQ healthcare), Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
PLoS One. 2017 Feb 16;12(2):e0172390. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172390. eCollection 2017.
The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) is one of the most widely used instruments to assess safety culture among healthcare providers. The ambulatory version of the SAQ (SAQ-AV) can be used in the primary care setting. Our study objective was to examine the underlying factors and psychometric properties of the Dutch translation of the SAQ-AV in out-of-hours primary care services.
Cross-sectional observational study using a web-survey.
Sixteen out-of-hours general practitioner cooperatives and two call centers in the Netherlands.
Primary healthcare providers in out-of-hours services.
Item-descriptive statistics, factor loadings, Cronbach's alpha scores, corrected item-total correlations, scale correlations.
The questionnaire was answered by 853 (43.2%) healthcare professionals. In the factor analyses, 784 respondents were included; mainly general practitioners (N = 470) and triage nurses (N = 189). Items were included in the analyses based on question type and results from previous studies. Five factors were drawn with reliability scores between .49 and .86 and a good construct validity. The five factors covered 27 of the 62 questionnaire items, with three to five items per factor.
The Dutch translation of the SAQ-AV, with five factors, seems to be a reliable tool for measuring patient safety culture and guide quality improvement interventions in out-of-hours primary care services. The Dutch factor structure differed from the original SAQ-AV and other translated versions. In future studies, the questionnaire should be validated further by examining if there is a relationship between the responses on the SAQ-AV, patient experiences, and the occurrence of adverse events.
安全态度问卷（SAQ）是评估医疗服务提供者安全文化时使用最广泛的工具之一。SAQ的门诊版本（SAQ-AV）可用于初级保健环境。我们的研究目的是在非工作时间的初级保健服务中，考察SAQ-AV荷兰语翻译版本的潜在因素和心理测量特性。
采用网络调查的横断面观察性研究。
荷兰的16个非工作时间全科医生合作社和2个呼叫中心。
非工作时间服务的初级医疗服务提供者。
项目描述性统计、因子载荷、克朗巴哈系数得分、校正的项目-总分相关性、量表相关性。
853名（43.2%）医疗专业人员回答了问卷。在因子分析中，纳入了784名受访者；主要是全科医生（N = 470）和分诊护士（N = 189）。根据问题类型和先前研究的结果将项目纳入分析。提取了五个因子，信度得分在0.49至0.86之间，具有良好的结构效度。这五个因子涵盖了62个问卷项目中的27个，每个因子有三到五个项目。
具有五个因子的SAQ-AV荷兰语翻译版本似乎是测量患者安全文化以及指导非工作时间初级保健服务质量改进干预措施的可靠工具。荷兰语的因子结构与原始SAQ-AV及其他翻译版本不同。在未来的研究中，应通过考察SAQ-AV的回答、患者体验和不良事件发生之间是否存在关联，进一步验证该问卷。
