Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.
Medical Services, Athletic Club, Lezama, Spain.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2018 Jan;28(1):237-245. doi: 10.1111/sms.12860. Epub 2017 Mar 27.
The aim was to compare the epidemiology of injuries between elite male and female football players from the same club. Injuries and individual exposure time in a male team and a female team, both playing in the Spanish first division, were prospectively recorded by the club's medical staff for five seasons (2010-2015) following the FIFA consensus statement. Total, training, and match exposure hours per player-season were 20% higher for men compared to women (P<.01). Total, training, and match injury incidence were 30%-40% higher in men (P≤.04) mainly due to a 4.82 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.30-10.08) times higher incidence of contusions, as there were no differences in the incidence of muscle and joint/ligament injuries (P≥.44). The total number of absence days was 21% larger in women owing to a 5.36 (95% CI 1.11-25.79) times higher incidence of severe knee and ankle ligament injuries. Hamstring strains and pubalgia cases were 1.93 (95% CI 1.16-3.20) and 11.10 (95% CI 1.48-83.44) times more frequent in men, respectively; whereas quadriceps strains, anterior cruciate ligament ruptures, and ankle syndesmosis injuries were 2.25 (95% CI 1.22-4.17), 4.59 (95% CI 0.93-22.76), and 5.36 (95% CI 1.11-25.79) times more common in women, respectively. In conclusion, prevention strategies should be tailored to the needs of male and female football players, with men more predisposed to hamstring strains and hip/groin injuries, and women to quadriceps strains and severe knee and ankle ligament injuries.
目的是比较来自同一俱乐部的精英男足和女足运动员的损伤流行病学。该研究前瞻性地记录了西班牙甲级联赛的一个男队和一个女队在五个赛季（2010-2015 年）中，由俱乐部的医务人员根据国际足球联合会的共识声明报告的损伤和个体暴露时间。与女性相比，男性的总、训练和比赛暴露时间/球员-赛季分别高 20%（P<.01）。男性的总、训练和比赛损伤发生率高 30%-40%（P≤.04），主要是由于挫伤的发生率高 4.82 倍（95%置信区间 [CI] 2.30-10.08），而肌肉和关节/韧带损伤的发生率没有差异（P≥.44）。由于严重膝和踝关节韧带损伤的发生率高 5.36 倍（95% CI 1.11-25.79），女性的总缺阵天数多 21%。男性的腘绳肌拉伤和耻骨炎病例分别高 1.93 倍（95% CI 1.16-3.20）和 11.10 倍（95% CI 1.48-83.44），而股四头肌拉伤、前交叉韧带撕裂和踝关节联合损伤在男性中的发生率分别高 2.25 倍（95% CI 1.22-4.17）、4.59 倍（95% CI 0.93-22.76）和 5.36 倍（95% CI 1.11-25.79），女性的发生率更高。总之，预防策略应根据男足和女足运动员的需要进行调整，男性更容易发生腘绳肌拉伤和髋/腹股沟损伤，女性更容易发生股四头肌拉伤和严重的膝和踝关节韧带损伤。
