Osborn Heather Ann, Glicksman Jordan T, Brandt Michael G, Doyle Philip C, Fung Kevin
Head and neck oncology fellow at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary at Harvard Medical School in Boston, Mass
Rhinology and skull base surgery fellow at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.
Can Fam Physician. 2017 Feb;63(2):e107-e113.
To identify which factors influence medical students' decision to choose a career in family medicine and pediatrics, and which factors influence their decision to choose careers in non-front-line specialties.
Survey that was created based on a comprehensive literature review to determine which factors are considered important when choosing practice specialty.
Ontario medical school.
An open cohort of medical students in the graduating classes of 2008 to 2011 (inclusive).
The main factors that influenced participants' decision to choose a career in primary care or pediatrics, and the main factors that influenced participants' decision to choose a career in a non-front-line specialty.
A total of 323 participants were included in this study. Factors that significantly influenced participants' career choice in family medicine or pediatrics involved work-life balance (acceptable hours of practice [ = .005], acceptable on-call demands [ = .012], and lifestyle flexibility [ = .006]); a robust physician-patient relationship (ability to promote individual health promotion [ = .014] and the opportunity to form long-term relationships [ < .001], provide comprehensive care [ = .001], and treat patients and their families [ = .006]); and duration of residency program ( = .001). The career-related factors that significantly influenced participants' decision to choose a non-front-line specialty were as follows: becoming an expert ( < .001), maintaining a focused scope of practice ( < .001), having a procedure-focused practice ( = .001), seeing immediate results from one's actions ( < .001), potentially earning a high income ( < .001), and having a perceived status among colleagues ( < .001).
In this study, 8 factors were found to positively influence medical students' career choice in family medicine and pediatrics, and 6 factors influenced the decision to choose a career in a non-front-line specialty. Medical students can be encouraged to explore a career in family medicine or pediatrics by addressing misinformation, by encouraging realistic expectations of career outcomes in the various specialties, and by demonstrating the capacity of primary care fields to incorporate specific motivating factors.
确定哪些因素影响医学生选择家庭医学和儿科学职业的决定，以及哪些因素影响他们选择非一线专业职业的决定。
基于全面文献综述创建的调查，以确定选择执业专业时哪些因素被认为是重要的。
安大略省医学院。
2008年至2011年（含）毕业班的开放队列医学生。
影响参与者选择初级保健或儿科学职业决定的主要因素，以及影响参与者选择非一线专业职业决定的主要因素。
本研究共纳入323名参与者。显著影响参与者选择家庭医学或儿科学职业的因素包括工作与生活的平衡（可接受的执业时长[P = 0.005]、可接受的随叫随到要求[P = 0.012]和生活方式灵活性[P = 0.006]）；稳固的医患关系（促进个人健康促进的能力[P = 0.014]、建立长期关系的机会[P < 0.001]、提供全面护理的机会[P = 0.001]以及治疗患者及其家属的机会[P = 0.006]）；以及住院医师培训项目时长（P = 0.001）。显著影响参与者选择非一线专业决定的与职业相关的因素如下：成为专家（P < 0.001）、保持专注的执业范围（P < 0.001）、拥有以操作程序为重点的执业（P = 0.001）、看到自己行动的即时结果（P < 0.001）、可能获得高收入（P < 0.001）以及在同事中拥有公认的地位（P < 0.001）。
在本研究中，发现8个因素对医学生选择家庭医学和儿科学职业产生积极影响，6个因素影响选择非一线专业职业的决定。可以通过纠正错误信息、鼓励对各专业职业结果的现实期望以及展示初级保健领域纳入特定激励因素的能力，来鼓励医学生探索家庭医学或儿科学职业。
