Creative Unit: Intra-operative Information, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
Serious Games Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg. 2017 Sep;12(9):1599-1605. doi: 10.1007/s11548-017-1540-6. Epub 2017 Feb 23.
PURPOSE: Surgical navigation systems rely on a monitor placed in the operating room to relay information. Optimal monitor placement can be challenging in crowded rooms, and it is often not possible to place the monitor directly beside the situs. The operator must split attention between the navigation system and the situs. We present an approach for needle-based interventions to provide navigational feedback directly on the instrument and close to the situs by mounting a small display onto the needle. METHODS: By mounting a small and lightweight smartwatch display directly onto the instrument, we are able to provide navigational guidance close to the situs and directly in the operator's field of view, thereby reducing the need to switch the focus of view between the situs and the navigation system. We devise a specific variant of the established crosshair metaphor suitable for the very limited screen space. We conduct an empirical user study comparing our approach to using a monitor and a combination of both. RESULTS: Results from the empirical user study show significant benefits for cognitive load, user preference, and general usability for the instrument-mounted display, while achieving the same level of performance in terms of time and accuracy compared to using a monitor. CONCLUSION: We successfully demonstrate the feasibility of our approach and potential benefits. With ongoing technological advancements, instrument-mounted displays might complement standard monitor setups for surgical navigation in order to lower cognitive demands and for improved usability of such systems.
目的:手术导航系统依赖于放置在手术室中的监视器来传递信息。在拥挤的房间中,最佳的监视器放置位置可能具有挑战性,并且通常不可能将监视器直接放置在手术部位旁边。操作人员必须在导航系统和手术部位之间分配注意力。我们提出了一种基于针的介入方法,通过将小型显示器安装在针上,直接在器械上并靠近手术部位提供导航反馈。
方法:通过将小型、轻便的智能手表显示器直接安装在器械上,我们能够在靠近手术部位并直接在操作人员的视野中提供导航指导,从而减少了在手术部位和导航系统之间切换视线焦点的需求。我们设计了一种特定的十字准线隐喻变体,适用于非常有限的屏幕空间。我们进行了一项实证用户研究,比较了我们的方法与使用监视器和两者结合的方法。
结果:实证用户研究的结果表明,对于认知负荷、用户偏好和仪器安装显示器的总体可用性,都有显著的优势,同时在时间和准确性方面与使用监视器的表现相同。
结论:我们成功地证明了我们的方法的可行性和潜在优势。随着技术的不断进步,仪器安装的显示器可能会补充手术导航的标准监视器设置,以降低认知需求并提高此类系统的可用性。
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