He GuangLin, Li Ye, Zou Xing, Li Ping, Chen PengYu, Song Feng, Gao Tianzhen, Liao Miao, Yan Jing, Wu Jin
Department of Forensic Genetics, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University (West China University of Medical Sciences), Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
Department of Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Int J Legal Med. 2017 Sep;131(5):1243-1246. doi: 10.1007/s00414-017-1563-0. Epub 2017 Feb 28.
The demographic characteristics and genetic polymorphism data of 56 Chinese nationalities or 31 administrative divisions in Chinese mainland have repeatedly been the genetic research hotspots. While most genetic studies focused on some particular Chinese populations based on autosomal or Y-chromosomal genetic markers, the forensic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of the seventh largest Chinese population (Yi ethnicity) on the X-chromosomal genetic markers are scarce. Here, allele frequencies and forensic statistical parameters for 19 X-chromosomal short tandem repeat loci (DXS7424-DXS101, DXS6789-DXS6809, DXS7423-DXS10134, DXS10103-HPRTB-DXS10101, DXS10159-DXS10162-DXS10164, DXS10148-DXS10135-DXS8378, and DXS7132-DXS10079-DXS10074-DXS10075) of 331 Chinese Yi individuals were obtained. All 19 X-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci in females were consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test. A total of 214 alleles were identified with the corresponding allele frequencies spanned from 0.0019 to 0.6106. The combined PE, PDF, and PDM were 0.9999999214, 0.9999999999999999999993, and 0.9999999999998, respectively. The high combined MEC, MEC, MEC, and MEC were achieved as 0.9999999617638, 0.9999999999971, 0.9999999999971, and 0.9999999931538, respectively. The findings suggested that the panel of 19 X-STR loci is highly polymorphic and informative in the Yi ethnic population and can be considered to be a powerful tool in forensic complex kinship identification. Population differentiation analyses among 12 populations indicated that significant differences in genetic structure were observed in between the Yi ethnicity and the Chinese Uyghur as well as Kazakh, and genetic homogeneity existed in similar ethno-origin or geographic origin populations.
中国56个民族或中国大陆31个行政区的人口统计学特征和基因多态性数据一直是基因研究的热点。虽然大多数基因研究基于常染色体或Y染色体基因标记聚焦于某些特定的中国人群，但关于中国第七大民族（彝族）在X染色体基因标记上的法医学特征和系统发育分析却很匮乏。在此，我们获得了331名中国彝族个体的19个X染色体短串联重复序列位点（DXS7424 - DXS101、DXS6789 - DXS6809、DXS7423 - DXS10134、DXS10103 - HPRTB - DXS10101、DXS10159 - DXS10162 - DXS10164、DXS10148 - DXS10135 - DXS8378以及DXS7132 - DXS10079 - DXS10074 - DXS10075）的等位基因频率和法医学统计参数。所有女性的19个X染色体短串联重复序列（STR）位点均符合哈迪 - 温伯格平衡检验。共鉴定出214个等位基因，其相应的等位基因频率范围为0.0019至0.6106。组合父权排除概率（PE）、个人识别力（PDF）和多态性差异度（PDM）分别为0.9999999214、0.9999999999999999999993和0.9999999999998。高组合非父排除率（MEC）分别达到0.9999999617638、0.9999999999971、0.9999999999971和0.9999999931538。研究结果表明，这19个X - STR位点在彝族人群中具有高度多态性和信息性，可被视为法医复杂亲缘关系鉴定中的有力工具。对12个群体的群体分化分析表明，彝族与中国维吾尔族以及哈萨克族之间在遗传结构上存在显著差异，而在族源或地理起源相似的群体中存在遗传同质性。
