Aroonnual Amornrat, Janvilisri Tavan, Ounjai Puey, Chankhamhaengdecha Surang
Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Essays Biochem. 2017 Mar 3;61(1):91-101. doi: 10.1042/EBC20160059. Print 2017 Feb 28.
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a major global health concern. Rapid and accurate diagnostic strategies to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profile prior to antibiotic prescription and treatment are critical to control drug resistance. The standard diagnostic procedures for the detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which rely mostly on phenotypic characterization, are time consuming, insensitive and often require skilled personnel, making them unsuitable for point-of-care (POC) diagnosis. Various molecular techniques have therefore been implemented to help speed up the process and increase sensitivity. Over the past decade, microfluidic technology has gained great momentum in medical diagnosis as a series of fluid handling steps in a laboratory can be simplified and miniaturized on to a small platform, allowing marked reduction of sample amount, high portability and tremendous possibility for integration with other detection technologies. These advantages render the microfluidic system a great candidate to be developed into an easy-to-use sample-to-answer POC diagnosis suitable for application in remote clinical settings. This review provides an overview of the current development of microfluidic technologies for the nucleic acid based and phenotypic-based detections of antibiotic resistance.
抗生素耐药菌的出现已成为全球主要的健康问题。在开抗生素处方和进行治疗之前，快速准确地诊断策略以确定抗生素敏感性谱对于控制耐药性至关重要。检测抗生素耐药菌的标准诊断程序主要依赖表型特征，耗时、不敏感且通常需要技术熟练的人员，因此不适合即时检测（POC）诊断。因此，已采用各种分子技术来加快这一过程并提高灵敏度。在过去十年中，微流控技术在医学诊断领域获得了巨大的发展势头，因为实验室中的一系列流体处理步骤可以在一个小平台上简化和小型化，从而显著减少样本量、提高便携性，并极大地增加与其他检测技术集成的可能性。这些优势使微流控系统成为开发易于使用的样本到答案的即时检测诊断的理想选择，适用于远程临床环境。本综述概述了用于基于核酸和基于表型的抗生素耐药性检测的微流控技术的当前发展情况。
