Xia Jianling, Wang Hongqiang, Li Shi, Wu Qinghui, Sun Li, Huang Hongxiang, Zeng Ming
Cancer Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Hospital of the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, The Western First Round Road, Section 2#32, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Mol Cancer. 2017 Mar 6;16(1):54. doi: 10.1186/s12943-017-0622-y.
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common disease with few effective treatment choices and poor prognosis, and has the second-highest mortality rates among all cancers worldwide. Dysregulation and/or malfunction of ion channels or aquaporins (AQPs) are common in various human cancers. Furthermore, ion channels are involved in numerous important aspects of the tumor aggressive phonotype, such as proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, motility, migration, and invasion. Indeed, by localizing in the plasma membrane, ion channels or AQPs can sense and respond to extracellular environment changes; thus, they play a crucial role in cell signaling and cancer progression. These findings have expanded a new area of pharmaceutical exploration for various types of cancer, including GC. The involvement of multiple ion channels, such as voltage-gated potassium and sodium channels, intracellular chloride channels, 'transient receptor potential' channels, and AQPs, which have been shown to facilitate the pathogenesis of other tumors, also plays a role in GC. In this review, an overview of ion channel and aquaporin expression and function in carcinogenesis of GC is presented. Studies of ion channels or AQPs will advance our understanding of the molecular genesis of GC and may identify novel and effective targets for the clinical application of GC.
胃癌（GC）是一种常见疾病，治疗选择有限且预后较差，在全球所有癌症中死亡率位居第二。离子通道或水通道蛋白（AQP）的失调和/或功能异常在各种人类癌症中很常见。此外，离子通道参与肿瘤侵袭性表型的许多重要方面，如增殖、细胞周期、凋亡、运动性、迁移和侵袭。实际上，通过定位在质膜上，离子通道或AQP可以感知并响应细胞外环境变化；因此，它们在细胞信号传导和癌症进展中起着关键作用。这些发现为包括GC在内的各种癌症的药物研发开辟了新领域。多种离子通道的参与，如电压门控钾通道和钠通道、细胞内氯通道、“瞬时受体电位”通道以及AQP，已被证明可促进其他肿瘤的发病机制，它们在GC中也发挥作用。在本综述中，概述了离子通道和水通道蛋白在GC致癌过程中的表达和功能。对离子通道或AQP的研究将增进我们对GC分子起源的理解，并可能为GC的临床应用确定新的有效靶点。
