Bixter Michael T, Trimber Elizabeth M, Luhmann Christian C
School of Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
Mem Cognit. 2017 Jul;45(5):837-851. doi: 10.3758/s13421-017-0698-z.
Prior research has provided substantial insight into individuals' intertemporal preferences (i.e., preferences about delayed rewards). In the present study, we instead investigated the preferences of small groups of individuals asked to express collective intertemporal decisions. The paradigm consisted of three phases. During the precollaboration and postcollaboration phases, participants completed an intertemporal decision task individually. During the collaboration phase, participants completed a similar task in small groups, reaching mutually-agreed-upon decisions. The results suggest that group preferences were systematically related to the mean of the group members' precollaboration preferences. In addition, collaborative decision making altered the group members' intertemporal preferences. Specifically, individuals' postcollaboration preferences converged toward the preferences of their respective groups. Furthermore, we found that individuals' postcollaboration preferences were independently related to both their precollaboration preferences and the preferences of the other group members, suggesting that individuals' postcollaboration preferences represented a revision of their precollaboration preferences based on the preferences observed in other group members. In Experiment 2, we demonstrated that similar patterns of results were found whether participants were making matching judgments or binary choices.
先前的研究已经对个体的跨期偏好（即对延迟奖励的偏好）提供了大量的见解。在本研究中，我们转而调查了被要求做出集体跨期决策的小群体个体的偏好。该范式包括三个阶段。在合作前和合作后阶段，参与者分别完成一项跨期决策任务。在合作阶段，参与者以小组形式完成一项类似的任务，达成共同商定的决策。结果表明，群体偏好与群体成员合作前偏好的平均值存在系统关联。此外，合作决策改变了群体成员的跨期偏好。具体而言，个体在合作后的偏好趋向于各自群体的偏好。此外，我们发现个体在合作后的偏好既独立于他们合作前的偏好，也独立于其他群体成员的偏好，这表明个体在合作后的偏好代表了他们基于在其他群体成员中观察到的偏好对合作前偏好的修正。在实验2中，我们证明了无论参与者是进行匹配判断还是二元选择，都能发现类似的结果模式。
