Jyothsna M, Rammanohar M, Kumar Kiran
Associate Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital , Vijayawada, Andra Pradesh, India .
Ex-Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Educare Institute of Dental Sciences , Malappuram, Kerala, India .
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Jan;11(1):ZC37-ZC40. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/23870.9179. Epub 2017 Jan 1.
Mast cells have been implicated in promoting angiogenesis in malignant tumors of lung, oesophagus and breast, but there are few studies on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OSCC). Most oral squamous cell carcinomas arise from pre-existing precancerous lesions exhibiting epithelial dysplasia.
The present pilot study attempts to compare Mast Cell Density (MCD), Microvessel Density (MVD), Microvessel Area (MVA) histomorphometrically between normal buccal mucosa, severe epithelial dysplasia and OSCC and to correlate the role of mast cells and angiogenesis in tumor progression.
The retrospective study was conducted on eight cases of OSCC, eight cases of severe epithelial dysplasia and five cases of normal buccal mucosa. Immunohistochemical staining with anti CD-31, to demonstrate angiogenesis and toluidine blue staining for mast cells were employed. MVA, MVD and MCD were calculated using the measurement tools of the image analysis software and compared between the groups. One way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was used for comparing the parameter for multiple groups followed by Games Howell test. To assess the relationship between micro vessel density and mast cell density, Karl Pearson's correlation was used.
MCD and MVD increased with disease progression and were statistically higher in OSCC than in severe epithelial dysplasia and normal buccal mucosa (p<0.001). MVA increased from normal to severe dysplasia and decreased from dysplasia to OSCC, may be due to revascularization of tumor tissue. A positive correlation was observed between MCD and MVD in OSCC and dysplasia, though were not statistically significant.
These findings suggest that mast cells may up regulate angiogenesis in OSCC. MCD and MVD may be used as indicators for disease progression.
肥大细胞被认为在促进肺癌、食管癌和乳腺癌的恶性肿瘤血管生成中起作用，但关于口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）的研究较少。大多数口腔鳞状细胞癌起源于先前存在的表现为上皮发育异常的癌前病变。
本初步研究试图通过组织形态计量学比较正常颊黏膜、重度上皮发育异常和OSCC之间的肥大细胞密度（MCD）、微血管密度（MVD）、微血管面积（MVA），并关联肥大细胞和血管生成在肿瘤进展中的作用。
对8例OSCC、8例重度上皮发育异常和5例正常颊黏膜进行回顾性研究。采用抗CD - 31免疫组织化学染色以显示血管生成，并用甲苯胺蓝染色检测肥大细胞。使用图像分析软件的测量工具计算MVA、MVD和MCD，并在各组之间进行比较。采用单因素方差分析（ANOVA）比较多组参数，随后进行Games Howell检验。为评估微血管密度与肥大细胞密度之间的关系，采用Karl Pearson相关性分析。
MCD和MVD随疾病进展增加，OSCC中的MCD和MVD在统计学上高于重度上皮发育异常和正常颊黏膜（p<0.001）。MVA从正常到重度发育异常增加，从发育异常到OSCC减少，这可能是由于肿瘤组织的血管再形成。在OSCC和发育异常中，MCD和MVD之间观察到正相关，尽管无统计学意义。
这些发现表明肥大细胞可能上调OSCC中的血管生成。MCD和MVD可作为疾病进展的指标。
