Cockburn N, Pateman K, Taing M W, Pradhan A, Ford P J
The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, UQ Oral Health Centre, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
The University of Queensland, School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Aust Dent J. 2017 Sep;62(3):331-336. doi: 10.1111/adj.12510. Epub 2017 May 31.
Many medications used to manage multiple sclerosis (MS) affect oral health. This review aimed to identify the oral side-effects of the current drugs recommended in Australia to treat MS and make dental practitioners aware of the range of symptoms.
The Australian Therapeutic Guidelines and the Australian Medicines Handbook were searched for medications used to treat MS. For each medication, the generic name, class, route of administration, dosage and drug company reported side-effects were extracted from the online Monthly Index of Medical Specialties (MIMs) database. Meyler's Side-effect of Drugs Encyclopaedia was used to identify any additional oral adverse reactions to medications used to treat MS.
Fourteen drugs were identified for the treatment of MS progression and 13 drugs for the treatment of MS symptoms. For these medications, 18 oral side-effects were documented: xerostomia was the most common, followed by dysgeusia, dysphagia, mouth ulceration and sinusitis. Anticholinergic drugs caused xerostomia while immunosuppressants resulted in more infection-related side-effects.
Dental practitioners should be aware of the range of symptoms likely to be reported by this population. Clinicians are encouraged to continue providing dental care for their patients who develop MS and refer complex cases to specialists.
许多用于治疗多发性硬化症（MS）的药物会影响口腔健康。本综述旨在确定澳大利亚目前推荐用于治疗MS的药物的口腔副作用，并让牙科医生了解症状范围。
在澳大利亚治疗指南和澳大利亚药品手册中搜索用于治疗MS的药物。对于每种药物，从在线医学专科月度索引（MIMs）数据库中提取通用名、类别、给药途径、剂量和药品公司报告的副作用。使用《梅耶尔药物副作用百科全书》来确定用于治疗MS的药物的任何其他口腔不良反应。
确定了14种用于治疗MS进展的药物和13种用于治疗MS症状的药物。对于这些药物，记录了18种口腔副作用：口干是最常见的，其次是味觉障碍、吞咽困难、口腔溃疡和鼻窦炎。抗胆碱能药物导致口干，而免疫抑制剂导致更多与感染相关的副作用。
牙科医生应了解该人群可能报告的症状范围。鼓励临床医生继续为患有MS的患者提供牙科护理，并将复杂病例转诊给专科医生。
