Garg Priyanka, Mazur Matthew M, Buck Amy C, Wandtke Meghan E, Liu Jiayong, Ebraheim Nabil A
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio, USA.
Orthop Surg. 2017 Feb;9(1):13-19. doi: 10.1111/os.12304. Epub 2017 Mar 9.
Stem cell research has been a popular topic in the past few decades. This review aims to discuss factors that help regulate, induce, and enhance mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation into osteoblasts for bone regeneration. The factors analyzed include bone morphogenic protein (BMP), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1), histone demethylase JMJD3, cyclin dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), fucoidan, Runx2 transcription factor, and TAZ transcriptional coactivator. Methods promoting bone healing are also evaluated in this review that have shown promise in previous studies. Methods tested using animal models include low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) with MSC, micro motion, AMD3100 injections, BMP delivery, MSC transplantation, tissue engineering utilizing scaffolds, anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody, low dose photodynamic therapy, and bone marrow stromal cell transplants. Human clinical trial methods analyzed include osteoblast injections, bone marrow grafts, bone marrow and platelet rich plasma transplantation, tissue engineering using scaffolds, and recombinant human BMP-2. These methods have been shown to promote and accelerate new bone formation. These various methods for enhanced bone regeneration have the potential to be used, following further research, in clinical practice.
在过去几十年中,干细胞研究一直是一个热门话题。本综述旨在讨论有助于调节、诱导和增强间充质干细胞(MSC)向成骨细胞分化以促进骨再生的因素。所分析的因素包括骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)、转化生长因子β(TGF-β)、基质细胞衍生因子1(SDF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF-1)、组蛋白去甲基化酶JMJD3、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶1(CDK1)、岩藻依聚糖、Runx2转录因子和TAZ转录共激活因子。本综述还评估了在先前研究中已显示出前景的促进骨愈合的方法。使用动物模型测试的方法包括将低强度脉冲超声(LIPUS)与MSC联合使用、微动、注射AMD3100、递送BMP、MSC移植、利用支架的组织工程、抗IL-20单克隆抗体、低剂量光动力疗法以及骨髓基质细胞移植。分析的人类临床试验方法包括注射成骨细胞、骨髓移植、骨髓和富含血小板的血浆移植、使用支架的组织工程以及重组人BMP-2。这些方法已被证明可促进和加速新骨形成。经过进一步研究,这些增强骨再生的各种方法有可能在临床实践中得到应用。