McKenna Victoria S, Zhang Bin, Haines Morgan B, Kelchner Lisa N
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, OH.
Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2017 May 17;26(2):524-539. doi: 10.1044/2016_AJSLP-15-0051.
This systematic review summarizes the effects of isometric lingual strength training on lingual strength and swallow function in adult populations. Furthermore, it evaluates the designs of the reviewed studies and identifies areas of future research in isometric lingual strength training for dysphagia remediation.
A comprehensive literature search of 3 databases and additional backward citation search identified 10 studies for inclusion in the review. The review reports and discusses the isometric-exercise intervention protocols, pre- and postintervention lingual-pressure data (maximum peak pressures and lingual-palatal pressures during swallowing), and oropharyngeal swallowing measures such as penetration-aspiration scales, oropharyngeal residue and duration, lingual volumes, and quality-of-life assessments.
Studies reported gains in maximum peak lingual pressures following isometric lingual strength training for both healthy adults and select groups of individuals with dysphagia. However, due to the variability in study designs, it remains unclear whether strength gains generalize to swallow function.
Although isometric lingual strength training is a promising intervention for oropharyngeal dysphagia, the current literature is too variable to confidently report specific therapeutic benefits. Future investigations should target homogenous patient populations and use randomized controlled trials to determine the efficacy of this treatment for individuals with dysphagia.
本系统评价总结了等长舌肌力量训练对成年人群舌肌力量和吞咽功能的影响。此外，还评估了所纳入研究的设计，并确定了等长舌肌力量训练在吞咽困难康复治疗方面未来的研究方向。
通过对3个数据库进行全面的文献检索以及额外的反向引文检索，确定了10项研究纳入本评价。本评价报告并讨论了等长运动干预方案、干预前后的舌压数据（吞咽过程中的最大峰值压力和舌腭压力），以及口咽吞咽测量指标，如渗透 - 误吸量表、口咽残留量和持续时间、舌体积以及生活质量评估。
研究报告称，健康成年人和部分吞咽困难患者群体在进行等长舌肌力量训练后，最大峰值舌压有所增加。然而，由于研究设计的差异，目前尚不清楚力量的增加是否能推广至吞咽功能。
尽管等长舌肌力量训练对于口咽吞咽困难是一种有前景的干预方法，但目前的文献差异较大，无法确切报告具体的治疗效果。未来的研究应针对同质患者群体，并采用随机对照试验来确定这种治疗方法对吞咽困难患者的疗效。
