Uwingabiye Jean, Zahid Hafidi, Unyendje Loubet, Hadef Rachid
Centre de Transfusion Sanguine, Hôpital Militaire d'Instruction Mohammed V de Rabat, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Rabat, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Maroc.
Pan Afr Med J. 2016 Nov 24;25:185. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2016.25.185.6266. eCollection 2016.
This study aims to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections and hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among blood donors at the Blood Donor Center, Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital between 2010 and 2012. We conducted a retrospective study among military blood donors aged 18-50 years, with a male predominance (95%). Pre-donation interview is the first selection barrier for individuals at risk. Biological screening was performed by liquid enzyme immunoassay technique using antibodies and/or antigen. Fourth generation combined HCV and HIV antigen/antibody ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) test was used. The Blood Donor Center and the laboratory of virology used the same technique performed in duplicate to confirm results. Out of 25661 tested samples, the prevalence rate of HBV infections was 3.97 ‰ (n = 102), the prevalence rate of HCV infections was 2.45 ‰ (n = 63) and the prevalence rate of HIV infections was 0.15 ‰ (n = 4). A single case with HBV and HCV virus co-infection (0.039 ‰) was registered, no association between HIV-HBV, HIV-HCV or HBV, HCV and HIV infections was recorded. The low seroprevalence rates of viral markers recorded in our study show improvement in preventive measures for donor selection and screening tests. The registered prevalence encourages the use of combined reagent, which is the only alternative to molecular biology in developing countries.
本研究旨在确定2010年至2012年期间，穆罕默德五世军事教学医院献血中心献血者中人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染以及乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染的流行情况。我们对年龄在18至50岁的军事献血者进行了一项回顾性研究，其中男性占主导（95%）。献血前访谈是对有风险个体的第一道筛选关卡。采用抗体和/或抗原的液体酶免疫测定技术进行生物学筛查。使用了第四代联合HCV和HIV抗原/抗体酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测。献血中心和病毒学实验室采用相同技术进行重复检测以确认结果。在25661份检测样本中，HBV感染的流行率为3.97‰（n = 102），HCV感染的流行率为2.45‰（n = 63），HIV感染的流行率为0.15‰（n = 4）。记录到1例HBV和HCV病毒合并感染病例（0.039‰），未记录到HIV-HBV、HIV-HCV或HBV、HCV与HIV感染之间的关联。我们研究中记录的病毒标志物低血清流行率表明在献血者选择和筛查检测的预防措施方面有所改善。记录到的流行率鼓励使用联合试剂，这是发展中国家分子生物学的唯一替代方法。
