Nwobodo Humphrey, Ba-Break Maryam
Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology , Enugu State, Nigeria.
Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds , UK.
J Public Health Afr. 2015 Aug 17;6(2):484. doi: 10.4081/jphia.2015.484.
Cervical cancer causes an estimated 266,000 deaths globally, 85% of which occurs in developing countries. It is a preventable disease, if detected and treated early via , yet its burden is still huge in Nigeria. In 2012, 21.8% cases of cervical cancer and 20.3% deaths due to cervical cancer were recorded in Nigeria. This review, therefore, aims at indentifying the determinants of low cervical cancer screening in Nigeria in order to contribute in reducing the burden of the disease. Literature were obtained from Global Health, Popline and PubMed databases; WHO and other relevant websites using Eldis search engine; and from libraries in the University of Leeds and WHO in Geneva. Conceptual framework for analyzing the determinants of cervical cancer screening uptake among Nigerian women was formed by inserting service delivery component of the WHO health system framework into a modified Health Belief Model. Wrong perception of cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening due to low level of knowledge about the disease and inadequate cervical cancer prevention were identified as the major determinants of low cervical cancer screening uptake in Nigeria. Among women, belief in being at risk and/or severity of cervical cancer was low just as belief on benefits of cervical cancer screening, unlike high belief in barriers to screening. Support from the community and screening skills among health-workers were inadequate. Improving uptake of cervical cancer screening will reduce the burden of the disease. Therefore, researchers and other stakeholders interested in prevention of cervical cancer should carryout studies to identify interventions that could address the key determinants of low cervical cancer screening among Nigerian women.
据估计，宫颈癌在全球导致26.6万人死亡，其中85%发生在发展中国家。如果能通过早期检测和治疗，这是一种可预防的疾病，但在尼日利亚，其负担仍然巨大。2012年，尼日利亚记录了21.8%的宫颈癌病例和20.3%的宫颈癌死亡病例。因此，本综述旨在确定尼日利亚宫颈癌筛查率低的决定因素，以帮助减轻该疾病的负担。文献来自全球卫生、Popline和PubMed数据库；使用Eldis搜索引擎从世界卫生组织（WHO）和其他相关网站获取；以及来自利兹大学图书馆和日内瓦的世界卫生组织。通过将世界卫生组织卫生系统框架的服务提供部分纳入改良的健康信念模型，形成了分析尼日利亚女性宫颈癌筛查接受率决定因素的概念框架。由于对该疾病的了解程度低以及宫颈癌预防不足，对宫颈癌和宫颈癌筛查存在错误认知被确定为尼日利亚宫颈癌筛查接受率低的主要决定因素。在女性中，对患宫颈癌风险和/或严重程度的认知较低，对宫颈癌筛查益处的认知也较低，而对筛查障碍的认知较高。社区支持和卫生工作者的筛查技能不足。提高宫颈癌筛查的接受率将减轻该疾病的负担。因此，对预防宫颈癌感兴趣的研究人员和其他利益相关者应开展研究，以确定能够解决尼日利亚女性宫颈癌筛查率低的关键决定因素的干预措施。
