Lushchak Oleh, Strilbytska Olha, Piskovatska Veronika, Storey Kenneth B, Koliada Alexander, Vaiserman Alexander
Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine.
Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine.
Mech Ageing Dev. 2017 Jun;164:127-138. doi: 10.1016/j.mad.2017.03.005. Epub 2017 Mar 16.
The target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway integrates signals from extracellular and intracellular agents, such as growth factors, nutrients, mediators of energy balance, oxygen availability and other environmental cues. It allows the regulation of multiple cellular processes including protein and lipid synthesis, ribosome biogenesis, autophagy and metabolic processes. Being conserved across different phyla, TOR regulates longevity of various organisms in response to dietary conditions. In this review we described the main components of the TOR pathway and its upstream effectors and downstream processes in relation to aging. The potential contribution of the TOR pathway in lifespan-extending effects of varied dietary interventions, and the anti-aging drugs rapamycin and metformin direct or indirect regulation of TOR activity in yeasts, worms, flies and mammals are also discussed.
雷帕霉素靶蛋白（TOR）信号通路整合来自细胞外和细胞内因子的信号，如生长因子、营养物质、能量平衡介质、氧可用性及其他环境信号。它能够调节多种细胞过程，包括蛋白质和脂质合成、核糖体生物发生、自噬及代谢过程。TOR在不同生物门类中高度保守，可根据饮食条件调节各种生物体的寿命。在本综述中，我们描述了TOR信号通路的主要组成部分及其与衰老相关的上游效应器和下游过程。我们还讨论了TOR信号通路在各种饮食干预延长寿命效应中的潜在作用，以及抗衰老药物雷帕霉素和二甲双胍对酵母、蠕虫、果蝇和哺乳动物中TOR活性的直接或间接调节。
