Haase Kristina, Kamm Roger D
Department of Mechanical Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Department of Biological Engineering, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Regen Med. 2017 Apr;12(3):285-302. doi: 10.2217/rme-2016-0152. Epub 2017 Mar 20.
Microfluidics is invaluable for studying microvasculature, development of organ-on-chip models and engineering microtissues. Microfluidic design can cleverly control geometry, biochemical gradients and mechanical stimuli, such as shear and interstitial flow, to more closely mimic in vivo conditions. In vitro vascular networks are generated by two distinct approaches: via endothelial-lined patterned channels, or by self-assembled networks. Each system has its own benefits and is amenable to the study of angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and cancer metastasis. Various techniques are employed in order to generate rapid perfusion of these networks within a variety of tissue and organ-mimicking models, some of which have shown recent success following implantation in vivo. Combined with tuneable hydrogels, microfluidics holds great promise for drug screening as well as in the development of prevascularized tissues for regenerative medicine.
微流控技术对于研究微脉管系统、芯片器官模型的开发以及工程化微组织而言具有极高价值。微流控设计能够巧妙地控制几何形状、生化梯度以及机械刺激，例如剪切力和间质流，从而更紧密地模拟体内环境。体外血管网络可通过两种不同方法生成：经由内皮细胞衬里的图案化通道，或者通过自组装网络。每个系统都有其自身的优势，适用于血管生成、血管发生以及癌症转移的研究。为了在各种组织和器官模拟模型中实现这些网络的快速灌注，人们采用了多种技术，其中一些技术在体内植入后已取得了近期成功。与可调节水凝胶相结合，微流控技术在药物筛选以及再生医学预血管化组织的开发方面极具前景。
